ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ در ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ ﮔﯿﺮي ﻫﺎي ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺘﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﻣﺪﯾﺮان آﻣﻮزش و ﭘﺮورش

Identification the Factors Influencing Decentralized Decisions Made by Education Managers

در ﻧﻈﺎم ﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﻧﺎ ﻣﺘﻤﺮﮐﺰ، ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ ﮔﯿﺮي از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻧﻬﺎدﻫﺎي ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﮕﺬار، ﺷﻮراﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ ﻣﺮدﻣﯽ و ﻫﯿﺌﺘﻬﺎي اﻣﻨﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. ﻫﺪف اﺻﻠﯽ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ و اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ ﮔﯿﺮي ﻫﺎي ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﺘﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﻣﺪﯾﺮان آﻣﻮزش و ﭘﺮورش اﺳﺖ. روش ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ:اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻮع ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﮐﯿﻔﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﺑﺰار ﮔﺮدآوري داده ﻫﺎ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ رواﯾﯽ آن ﺗﻮﺳﻂ اﺳﺎﺗﯿﺪ و ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﺤﺘﻮاﯾﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺎﺋﯿﺪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺿﺮﯾﺐ آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ 0/87 ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪ.ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ ﮔﯿﺮي ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺘﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﻣﺪﯾﺮان ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﻀﻤﻮن و اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﺑﻨﺪي آن ﻫﺎ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ آزﻣﻮن ﻓﺮﯾﺪﻣﻦ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻣﻀﺎﻣﯿﻦ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه، از ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي اﻋﺘﺒﺎرﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮل ﺑﻮدن" و ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﺑﻮدن و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﻤﯿﺰي ﺑﯿﺮوﻧﯽ" اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ:.ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﻀﻤﻮن، ﺑﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ 4 ﻣﻀﻤﻮن ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه، 17 ﻣﻀﻤﻮن ﭘﺎﯾﻪ اﺻﻠﯽ و 81 ﻣﻀﻤﻮن ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﻓﺮﻋﯽ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺷﺪ و در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺎ آزﻣﻮن ﻓﺮﯾﺪﻣﻦ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ از دﯾﺪﮔﺎه ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن، ﻧﺒﻮد ﻗﻮاﻧﯿﻦ و ﻣﻘﺮرات ﺟﺎﻣﻊ در ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰزداﯾﯽ)ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ( در اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ اول و داراي ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﮔﺬاري ﺑﺮ ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ ﮔﯿﺮي ﻫﺎي ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺘﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﻣﺪﯾﺮان آﻣﻮزش و ﭘﺮورش و ﻣﻬﺎرت ﻓﻨﯽ)ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ( در اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ آﺧﺮ و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬاري ﺑﺮ ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ ﮔﯿﺮي ﻫﺎي ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺘﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﻣﺪﯾﺮان آﻣﻮزش و ﭘﺮورش ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي:ﺑﺮاي اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺶ ﻧﻤﻮدن ﻧﻈﺎم آﻣﻮزش و ﭘﺮورش ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﺑﺴﻮي ﮐﺎﺳﺘﻦ ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﺿﺮوري اﺳﺖ.در اﯾﻦ ﺧﺼﻮص ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ ﮐﻢ ﺷﺎﯾﺎن ﺗﻮﺟﻬﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﻦ و ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺘﮕﺬاران آﻣﻮزش و ﭘﺮورش ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﯿﺎن ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ.

In decentralized education systems, decisions are made through legislative bodies, elected public councils, and trustees. The main purpose of this research is to identify and prioritize the factors influencing the decentralized decision making of education managers. It is a qualitative applied study. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and questionnaires whose validity was confirmed by university professors and experts and its reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.870. Decentralized recruitment of managers was done by thematic analysis and Friedman test. The results of the content analysis findings led to the identification of 4 organizer themes, 17 basic themes and 81 sub-themes. Finally, prioritizing the results with Friedman test showed that from the experts' point of views, lack of comprehensive rules and regulations associated with decentralization (environmental factor) is the first priority with the most influence while technical skill (management factor) is the last priority with the least impact on decentralized decisions of education managers.