بررسي نقش پرايمينگ با اسپرميدين، گاما آمينوبوتيريك اسيد و هيدرو پرايمينگ بر تعديل اثر تنش - شوري در جوانهزني و شاخصهاي رشد بذر خيار ( Cucumis sativus L. )رقم بيت آلفا

Role of Spermidine and γ-Aminobutyric Acid and Hydro priming on alleviation of salinity effect in germination and growth parameters of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Beit Alpha) seed

ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻧﻘﺶ ﮔﺎﻣﺎ-آﻣﯿﻨﻮﺑﻮﺗﯿﺮﯾﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ ﮔﺎﺑﺎ( و اﺳﭙﺮﻣﯿﺪﯾﻦ ﺑﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ ﺑﺬر ﮔﯿﺎه ﺧﯿﺎر ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮري، ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﮐﺎﻣﻼ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار در آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎه ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن داروﯾﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﺮﺑﺖ ﺣﯿﺪرﯾﻪ در ﺳﺎل 1397 اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اول ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﯿﺶﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺑﺬر ﺑﺎ ﮔﺎﺑﺎ، اﺳﭙﺮﻣﯿﺪﯾﻦ، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﻮام اﺳﭙﺮﻣﯿﺪﯾﻦ و ﮔﺎﺑﺎ در دو ﺳﻄﺢ 5 و 10 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻣﻮﻻر، آب ﻣﻘﻄﺮ )ﻫﯿﺪروﭘﺮاﯾﻤﯿﻨﮓ( و ﻋﺪم ﭘﯿﺶﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺑﺬرﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد و ﻋﺎﻣﻞ دوم آﺑﯿﺎري ﮔﯿﺎه ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻮري ﺑﺎ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺻﻔﺮ )آب ﻣﻘﻄﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺷﺎﻫﺪ(، 1/8 و 9/5 دﺳﯽزﯾﻤﻨﺲ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﭘﺮاﯾﻤﯿﻨﮓ ﺑﺬور ﺑﺎ ﮔﺎﺑﺎ و اﺳﭙﺮﻣﯿﺪﯾﻦ در ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺻﻔﺎت رﺷﺪي از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ وزنﺗﺮ ﺳﺎﻗﻪ و ﮔﯿﺎهﭼﻪ، ﻃﻮل ﺳﺎﻗﻪ و وزن ﺧﺸﮏ رﯾﺸﻪ، ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ داﺷﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪاي ﮐﻪ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮري در ﺗﻤﺎم ﺻﻔﺎت رﺷﺪي و ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ اﺧﺘﻼف آﻣﺎري اﯾﺠﺎد ﮐﺮد. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ درﺻﺪ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ، و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺑﺪون ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮري و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد اﺳﭙﺮﻣﯿﺪﯾﻦ 5 و ﮔﺎﺑﺎ 10 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻣﻮﻻر و ﻫﯿﺪروﭘﺮاﯾﻤﯿﻨﮓ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ. ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﻫﯿﺪروﭘﺮاﯾﻤﯿﻨﮓ، اﺳﭙﺮﻣﯿﺪﯾﻦ و ﮔﺎﺑﺎ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺷﻮري 9/5 دﺳﯽزﯾﻤﻨﺲ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد رﺷﺪ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري را در ﮔﯿﺎﻫﭽﻪ ﺧﯿﺎر ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺑﺪون ﺷﻮري ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. اﻋﻤﺎل ﺷﻮري، درﺻﺪ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ را از 84% در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻋﺪم ﺷﻮري ﺑﻪ 17/33% در ﺷﻮري 9/5 دﺳﯽزﯾﻤﻨﺲ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ داد درﺣﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺷﻮري و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ از ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﭘﺮاﯾﻤﯿﻨﮓ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﯽ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎط ﮐﺮد ﮐﻪ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻫﯿﺪروﭘﺮاﯾﻤﯿﻨﮓ و ﻧﯿﺰ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﺳﭙﺮﻣﯿﺪﯾﻦ و ﮔﺎﺑﺎ در ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮري ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﺨﻔﯿﻒ اﺛﺮ ﺗﻨﺶ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻟﺬا ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ارزان و راﺣﺖﺗﺮ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﻫﯿﺪروﭘﺎرﯾﻤﯿﻨﮓ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻘﯿﻪ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎ، ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﻫﯿﺪروﭘﺮاﯾﻢ را ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻧﻤﻮد.

In order to investigate Spermidine and γ-Aminobutyric Acid (Gaba) role on germination features and growth parameters of cucumber under salinity stress, an experiment was conducted as factorial layout based on the completely randomized design at university of Torbat Heydarieh, Iran in 2108. The first factor consists of seed priming with Gaba (5 and 10 mM), Spermidine (5 and 10 mM), the combination of them and hydropriming in distilled water, and no treatment. The second factor was three salinity levels (0, 1.8, 9.5 dS/m). Results showed that seed priming with Gaba and Spermidine positively affected the shoot and seedling fresh weight, root length, and root dry weight. The highest value of germination percent, relative germination, and germination index was seen in no salinity and 5 mM Spermidine and 10 mm Gaba application (by 19 percent more than control). Using hydropriming, Spermidine and Gaba significantly improved cucumber seedling growth under 9.5 dS/m salinity in comparison to zero salinity treatment. Salinity caused a reduction of germination percent from 84 to 17 %, but employing seed priming treatments caused an enhancement of relative germination in salinity condition. In other words employment of hydropriming and these amendments induced in the alleviation of salinity stress. In attention to application of hydropriming as an inexpensive and convenient method in comparison to other treatments it could be recommended.