ارزيابي اثرات كودهاي نيتروژن و پتاس بر عملكرد، اجزاء عملكرد و انتقال مجدد در لاين اميد بخش برنج (.Oryza sativa L)

The evaluation of effects the nitrogen and potash fertilizer on yield, yield components and remobilization of rice promising line

اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮات ﮐﻮدﻫﺎي ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن و ﭘﺘﺎس ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد، اﺟﺰاء ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻣﺠﺪد در ﻻﯾﻦ 4 اﻣﯿﺪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ اﺟﺮاء ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار در ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﮐﺸﻮر، در ﺳﺎل 1391 اﺟﺮاء ﺷﺪ. ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن در ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ )60 ،90 و 120 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺧﺎﻟﺺ در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر( از ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﮐﻮد اوره و ﮐﻮد ﭘﺘﺎس در ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ )0،50 و 100 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر( از ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﺎت ﭘﺘﺎﺳﯿﻢ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ دادهﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺑﺮ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ در ﺳﻄﺢ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﯾﮏ درﺻﺪ ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﺷﺪ. ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر ﭘﺘﺎس ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﺑﺮ ﺻﻔﺖ وزن ﻫﺰار داﻧﻪ در ﺳﻄﺢ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﯾﮏ درﺻﺪ داﺷﺖ. اﺛﺮ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن در ﭘﺘﺎس ﺑﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﻪ ﭘﺮ و وزن ﻫﺰار داﻧﻪ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﻨﺞ درﺻﺪ ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﺷﺪ. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ )7818 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر(، درﺻﺪ ﺑﺎروري ﺧﻮﺷﻪ )88/47 درﺻﺪ(، وزن ﻫﺰار داﻧﻪ )30/08 ﮔﺮم(، ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﻪ ﭘﺮ )149/4(، ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻮﺗﻪ )110/6ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽﻣﺘﺮ( و اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻣﺠﺪد ﻣﺎده ﺧﺸﮏ )1198 ﮔﺮم در ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ(، در ﺳﻄﺢ ﺳﻮم ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن )120ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر( ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ اﺛﺮ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن در ﭘﺘﺎس ﺑﺮاي ﺻﻔﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر )120ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺧﺎﻟﺺ در 50 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﭘﺘﺎس( ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ 7994 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر در ﮐﻼس ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮي ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﺑﺮاي ﻻﯾﻦ اﻣﯿﺪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺷﻤﺎره 4 ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﺳﻄﺢ ﮐﻮدي 120ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﺧﺎﻟﺺ )260 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﮐﻮد اوره( و 50 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﭘﺘﺎس )100 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﮐﻮد ﺳﻮﻟﻔﺎت ﭘﺘﺎﺳﯿﻢ( ﺟﻬﺖ دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﺑﻪ ازاي ﻫﺮ ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﻣﺼﺮف ﻧﻤﻮد.

In order to evaluate of effects, the nitrogen and potash fertilizer on yield, yield components and remobilization on number 4 rice promising line. The study was conducted using a factorial experiment arranged in completely randomized design with three replications at the Rice Research Institute of Iran in 2012. The factors were nitrogen with 3 levels (60, 90 and 120 Kg.h-1) from Urea fertilizer’s resource and Potash fertilizer with 3 levels (0, 50 and 100Kg.h-1) from the sulfate potash resource. Analysis of variance showed that the Nitrogen Factor was significant on all the considered traits at 1 probability levels. The Potash Factor was significant on the grain 1000 weight at 1 probability level. The interaction effect of Nitrogen in Potash on traits the number of filled grain and the grain 1000 weight were showed significant difference at 5 probability levels. The highest of treats seed yield (7818 kg.h-1), the percentage of panicle reproduction (88.47%), grain 1000 weight (30.08g), the number of seed filled (149.4), height plant (110.6 cm) and for remobilization of dry matter (1198g.m-2) were obtained 120 kg. ha-1. Mean comparison effects of Nitrogen in Potash interactive showed that for grain yield of a 120 kg nitrogen per 50kg Potash with the average of 7994 kg h-1 was consider a higher class. Finally, for the number 4 promising line of rice can use a level of fertilizer which includes 120 kg pure Nitrogen (260 kg urea fertilizer) and 50 kg Potash (100 kg super triple phosphate fertilizer) per a hectare.