كليدواژه :
ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﻪ ﭘﻮك , درﺻﺪ ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ داﻧﻪ , ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي رﺷﺪ , ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن داﻧﻪ
چكيده فارسي :
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐﺗﺮﯾﻦ ارﻗﺎم و ﻻﯾﻦﻫﺎي ﺟﻮ در ﺗﺎرﯾﺦﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ، اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ در ﺳﺎل زراﻋﯽ 1398-99 در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻏﯿﺰاﻧﯿﻪ اﻫﻮاز ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت اﺳﭙﻠﯿﺖ ﭘﻼت در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر اﺻﻠﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻪ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ )10 آﺑﺎن ، 25 آﺑﺎن و 10 آذر ( و ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر ﻓﺮﻋﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﺶ رﻗﻢ و ﻻﯾﻦ ﺟﻮ ) اﮐﺴﯿﻦ، ﻧﻮروز، ﻧﯿﻤﺮوز، 95-3-WB-95-9 ،WB و 95-19-WB ( ﺑﻮد. ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻋﺒﺎرت از ﻃﻮل ﺳﺎﻗﻪ، ﻃﻮل ﺳﻨﺒﻠﻪ، ﻃﻮل داﻧﻪ، ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﻪ ﭘﻮك، ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﻪ در ﺳﻨﺒﻠﻪ، وزن ﻫﺰار داﻧﻪ، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺳﻨﺒﻠﻪ در ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ، درﺻﺪ ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن داﻧﻪ، درﺻﺪ ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ داﻧﻪ و ﻧﯿﺰ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ رﺷﺪ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ اﺛﺮ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ، ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﻪ در ﺳﻨﺒﻠﻪ و ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﻪ ﭘﻮك در ﺳﻄﺢ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﭘﻨﺞ درﺻﺪ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﺑﻮد. ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ 10 آﺑﺎن ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﻪ ﭘﻮك و ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ 10 آذر ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﻪ در ﺳﻨﺒﻠﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮔﺮدﯾﺪﻧﺪ. در اﻏﻠﺐ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ ارﻗﺎم و ﻻﯾﻦﻫﺎي ﺟﻮ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در ﺳﻄﺢ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل 1 درﺻﺪ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار وﺟﻮد داﺷﺖ. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ را رﻗﻢ اﮐﺴﯿﻦ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ 7710 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر در ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ 25 آﺑﺎن و ﻻﯾﻦ 9519-WB ﻧﯿﺰ در ﻫﻤﯿﻦ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ 7226 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ 25 آﺑﺎن ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻌﺪا داﻧﻪ در ﺳﻨﺒﻠﻪ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ را داﺷﺖ، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺮگ و ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺟﺬب ﺧﺎﻟﺺ را ﻧﯿﺰ اﯾﺠﺎد ﮐﺮد. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن داﻧﻪ در ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖﻫﺎي زود ﻫﻨﮕﺎم در ﻻﯾﻦ 95-3-WB ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ، و در ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ دﯾﺮ ﻫﻨﮕﺎم، ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن داﻧﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﮐﻠﯽ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ زود ﻫﻨﮕﺎم ﺟﻮ، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ را ﮐﺎﻫﺶ داد و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ رﻗﻢ اﮐﺴﯿﻦ در 25 آﺑﺎن در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻏﯿﺰاﻧﯿﻪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ را ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه داﺷﺖ.
چكيده لاتين :
In order to determine the most suitable cultivars and barley lines in different planting dates, an experiment was conducted during 2019-2020 in Ghizanieh region of Ahvaz. The main factor includes three planting dates (1 November, 16 November and 1 December) and the sub-factor also includes six cultivars and lines of barley (Auxin, Nowruz, Nimroz, WB-95-3, WB-95-9 and WB-95-19) was done using split plots in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The measured traits were stem length, spike length, grain length, number of hollow seeds, number of seeds per spike, 1000-seed weight, number of spikes per square meter, grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, grain nitrogen percentage, grain protein percentage and plant growth indices. Results showed that the effect of sowing date on grain yield, number of seeds per spike and number of hollow seeds was significant at 5 % probability level. Planting date of 1 November reduced seed yield and increased number of hollow seeds and the third planting date also reduced number of seeds per spike and grain yield. Nowruz cultivar had more spikes per square meter in early planting date than late planting date. At the date of early sowing of barley, the highest number of hollow seeds was produced per spike. In late planting, plant height decreased and as a result, the biological yield also decreased. Planting date of 16 Nov. had the highest number of seeds per spike. The highest yield obtained in Auxin cultivar with an average of 7710 kg. ha-1 on the second planting date and line WB-95-19 at the same planting date with an average of 7226 kg.ha-1. 16 Nov. planting date, which had the highest seed yield, had the highest LAI and NAR. Seed nitrogen had the highest level in early sowing date in WB-95-3 line and decreased in late sowing dates. In general, the results of this experiment showed that early sowing of barley, reduced grain yield and sowing of Auxin cultivar on November 16 in Ghizaniyeh region had the best economic yield.
