مطالعه ي جامعه شناختي رابطه عوامل فرهنگي با ميزان مشاركت سياسي درجامعه (مورد مطالعه: شهروندان بالاي 25 سال شهرستان بجنورد)

A study relationship between cultural factors with social participation( case study:25+ citizenship of Bojnurd City)

ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ ﮐﻪ ازﺿﺮورﺗﻬﺎي اﻧﮑﺎر ﻧﺎﭘﺬﯾﺮ درﺛﺒﺎت ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻬﺎي ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ در ﻗﺮن ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎر ﻣﯽ رود، ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﯽ ﺷﮑﻞ ﻣﯽ ﮔﯿﺮد. از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ي اﯾﻦ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ اﺷﺎره ﻧﻤﻮد. ﻫﺪف از ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ي ﻧﻘﺶ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ دراﯾﺮان اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻪ روش ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺶ و ﺑﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺮ روي ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﺠﻨﻮرداﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ازﻓﺮﻣﻮل ﮐﻮﮐﺮان وﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﻃﯿﻘﻪ اي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﮔﺮدآوري داده ﻫﺎ از اﺑﺰار ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه ﮐﻪ اﻋﺘﺒﺎر آن ﺑﻪ روش ﺻﻮري و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ آن ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ آﻣﺎره ي آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ )787/.( ﺳﻨﺠﯿﺪه ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. داده ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﺑﺰارspss16، ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ. ﭘﺲ از ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ وﺗﻨﺴﯿﻖ داده ﻫﺎ، ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ودر ﺟﻨﺐ آن ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮواﺑﺴﺘﻪ)ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ( در ارﺗﺒﺎط ﮔﺬاﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. دراﯾﻨﺠﺎ ﺑﻄﻮر ﭼﮑﯿﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از آزﻣﻮﻧﻬﺎاﺷﺎره ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﭘﻨﺞ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﯾﻌﻨﯽ اﺣﺴﺎس ﻗﺪرت و ﻧﻔﻮذ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ،)205/.درﺳﻄﺢ000/.(،اﻋﺘﻤﺎدﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ و اﻋﺘﻤﺎد اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ)0/289درﺳﻄﺢ0/000(، رﺿﺎﯾﺖ از زﻧﺪﮔﯽ)0/159درﺳﻄﺢ0/002(وﻣﯿﺰان دﯾﻨﺪاري)0/206درﺳﻄﺢ0/002(، ﮐﻪ در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. از ﻣﯿﺎن ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻫﺎي زﻣﯿﻨﻪ اي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺖ)آزﻣﻮن ﺗﯽ=3/21درﺳﻄﺢ0/001(، ﺷﻐﻞ )آزﻣﻮن اف=3/42درﺳﻄﺢ0/009(، ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻼت)آزﻣﻮن اف=2/56درﺳﻄﺢ0/027( و وﺿﻌﯿﺖ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي)ﭘﯿﺮﺳﻮن=0/17درﺳﻄﺢ0/000( ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ داشتند.

This paper looks for to study the factors affecting the contribution of citizens in paying municipal tolls. Using survey method, the data collected by conducting a self-constructed questionnaire. 500 residents (above 20 years old) were selected as sample by conducting random sampling method. Findings showed that the average mean of participation in the payment of municipal tolls among respondents was 31 of 55. In other words, the respondents' participation level in this field was below the average level. Among dimensions of participation, the highest mean was belonging of behavioral dimension and the lowest mean was belonging to propensity or emotional one. The independent variables (i. e. the satisfaction of municipal services, the social responsibility, the citizenship awareness, the sense of anomie in urban management and the sense of belonging to urban and neighborhood) were significantly associated with participation in payment of tolls. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that these variables are able to estimate up to 28% of the dispersion of the payment of tolls. Finally, the results showed that deducting and tacking tolls as local taxes shall be consistent with the economic condition of citizens, to increase the public participation in paying of local taxation.