پديد آورندگان :
ﺧﺰاﺋﯽ، ﻋﻈﯿﻢ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت، آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ ﮐﺸﺎورزي - ﻣﺆﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت اﺻﻼح و ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﻧﻬﺎل و ﺑﺬر، ﮐﺮج، اﯾﺮان , ﺗﺮاﺑﯽ، ﻣﺴﻌﻮد ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت، آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ ﮐﺸﺎورزي - مركز ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ و آﻣﻮزش اﺻﻔﻬﺎن، ﺻﻔﻬﺎن، اﯾﺮان , ﻓﯿﺾ ﺑﺨﺶ، محمدتقي ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت، آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ ﮐﺸﺎورزي - مركز ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ و آﻣﻮزش گلستان، گرگان، اﯾﺮان , آذري ﻧﺼﺮآﺑﺎد، ﻋﻠﯽ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت، آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ ﮐﺸﺎورزي - مركز ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ و آﻣﻮزش خراسان جنوبي، بيرجند، اﯾﺮان
چكيده فارسي :
ﺑﺮﻫﻤﮑﻨﺶ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﯾﺠﺎد ﭘﯿﭽﯿﺪﮔﯽ در ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺷﺪه و در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﻪزراﻋﯽ و ﺑﻪﻧـﮋادي ﮔﯿﺎﻫـﺎن زراﻋـﯽ ﯾﮏ ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﺑﺮاي ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و ﺑﺮﻫﻤﮑﻨﺶ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ در 18 رﻗﻢ، ﻻﯾﻦ و ﻫﯿﺒﺮﯾﺪ ﺳﻮرﮔﻮم داﻧﻪاي داﺧﻠـﯽ و ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار در ﭼﻬﺎر ﻣﮑﺎن ﮐﺮج، ﮔﺮﮔﺎن، ﺑﯿﺮﺟﻨﺪ و اﺻﻔﻬﺎن در دو ﺳـﺎل 1395 و 1396 اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﺮﮐﺐ دادهﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﮑﺎنﻫﺎ، ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎ و ﺑـﺮﻫﻤﮑﻨﺶ آنﻫـﺎ از ﻧﻈـﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑـﺮد داﻧـﻪ داراي ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ 15 )High yield700( ﺑﺎ 7986 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر، داراي ﺑﯿﺸـﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ و ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎي 16 ،6 ،17 و 8 ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎ 5960 ،6172 ،6894 و 5906 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر، در رﺗﺒﻪﻫـﺎي ﺑﻌـﺪي ﻗـﺮار داﺷـﺘﻨﺪ. ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎي 15 و 17 داراي ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ درون ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ و ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﺑـﺎﻻ، ﻋﻤﻠﮑـﺮد ﻣﻨﺎﺳـﺒﯽ ﻧﯿـﺰ داﺷـﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘـﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﯾـﻪ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﺑﻪ روش اﻣﯽ )AMMI( و ﺑﺮازش ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﻫﻤﮑﻨﺶ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﭘﻨﺞ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ اﺻـﻠﯽ اول در ﺳـﻄﺢ ﯾﮏ درﺻﺪ ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﭘﻨﺞ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع 94/1 درﺻﺪ از ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﺑﺮﻫﻤﮑﻨﺶ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿـﭗ در ﻣﺤـﯿﻂ را ﺗﻮﺟﯿـﻪ ﻧﻤﻮدﻧـﺪ. ﺗﺠﺰﯾـﻪ ﺧﻮﺷﻪاي ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس اوﻟﯿﻦ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ اﺻﻠﯽ ﺑﺮﻫﻤﮑﻨﺶ، ﭼﻬﺎر ﮔﺮوه ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭙﯽ را ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻧﻤﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿـﭗ ﻫـﺎي ﺑـﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﻻ داراي ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﻨﺎﺳـﺒﯽ ﻧﯿـﺰ ﺑﻮدﻧـﺪ. ﺑـﺎ ﺗﻮﺟـﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﻧﺘـﺎﯾﺞ ﻣـﺪل اﻣـﯽ و ﭘـﺎراﻣﺘﺮ ارزش ﭘﺎﯾـﺪاري اﻣـﯽ )ASV(، ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫـﺎي 17 )High yield700 )15 ،(FGCSI04) 6 ،(Fast green400) 4 ، (Drought tolerant ( و 16 )Human900( از ﻧﻈـﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ و ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ داده ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎي 15 )High yield700( و 17 )Drought tolerant( در ﮐﻠﯿـﻪ ﻣﮑﺎنﻫﺎ ﺟﺰء ﺑﺮﺗﺮﯾﻦ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎ ﺑﻮده و ﻗﺪرت ﺳﺎزﮔﺎري ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﻻﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﯿﻂﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ داﺷﺘﻨﺪ.
چكيده لاتين :
The interaction of genotype × environment creates complications in yield prediction and is a challenge for agronomy and plant breeding programs. To evaluate grain yield stability and genotype × environment interaction for 18 local and exotic grain sorghum cultivars, lines, and hybrids, a field experiment was conducted using randomized complete block design with three replications in four regions of Karaj, Gorgan, Birjand, and Isfahan, Iran in two cropping seasons (2016 and 2017). Combined analysis of variance showed that locations, genotypes and their interaction effect were signifinat on grain yield. Mean comparisons showed that genotype No. 15 (High yield700) had the highest grain yield (7986 kg.ha-1) followed bygenotypes No. 17, 6, 16, and 8 with grain yield of 6894, 6172, 5960, and 5906 kg.ha-1, respectively. Genotypes No. 15 and 17 had the lowest year within location variance, and in addition to high grain yield stability had optimal grain yield. Analysis of variance by AMMI model and fitting of principal components to the interactions of genotype × environment showed that five main components were significant (P ≤0.01). These five components explained 94.1% of the observed variance of genotype × environment interaction. Cluster analysis identified four genotypic groups based on the first main component of genotype × environment interaction. In this study, high yielding genotypes also had good grain yield stability. AMMI model and AMMI stability value (ASV) parameter showed that genotypes No. 17 (Drought tolerant), 4 (Fast green400), 6 (FGCSI04), 15 (High yield700) and 16 (Human900) had high grain yield and yield stability. Genotypes No. 15 and 17 identiifed as superior genotypes well adapted to different test environments, in this study.
