عنوان مقاله :
ارزيابي برهمكنش ژنوتيپ در محيط براي عملكرد دانه لاين‌هاي اميدبخش نخود سفيد (Cicer arietinum L)
عنوان به زبان ديگر :
Analysis of genotype × environment interaction for seed yield of promising Kabuli type chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) promising lines
پديد آورندگان :
فرايدي، يداله ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت، آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ ﮐﺸﺎورزي - ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮐﺸﺎورزي دﯾﻢ ﮐﺸﻮر - ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎت، ﻣﺮاﻏﻪ، اﯾﺮان , كانوني، همايون سازمان تحقيقات، آموزش و ترويج كشاورزي - مركز تحقيقات و آموزش كشاورزي و منابع طبيعي استان كردستان، سنندج، ايران , نصرتي، علي احسان سازمان تحقيقات، آموزش و ترويج كشاورزي - مركز تحقيقات و آموزش كشاورزي و منابع طبيعي همدان، همدان، ايران , حاجي حسني، مريم سازمان تحقيقات، آموزش و ترويج كشاورزي اروميه - مركز تحقيقات و آموزش كشاورزي و منابع طبيعي استان آذربايجان غربي، ايران , پورعلي بابا، حميدرضا ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت، آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ ﮐﺸﺎورزي - ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮐﺸﺎورزي دﯾﻢ ﮐﺸﻮر - ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎت، ﻣﺮاﻏﻪ، اﯾﺮان , همايي نژاد، شهزاد سازمان تحقيقات، آموزش و ترويج كشاورزي - مركز تحقيقات و آموزش كشاورزي و منابع طبيعي همدان، همدان، ايران , شيرعلي زاده، وحيد سازمان تحقيقات، آموزش و ترويج كشاورزي اروميه - مركز تحقيقات و آموزش كشاورزي و منابع طبيعي استان آذربايجان غربي، ايران
كليدواژه :
آزﻣﺎﯾﺶﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪاي , ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد , ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ AMMI , ﻣﺤﯿﻂ و ﻧﺨﻮد , ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ
چكيده فارسي :
ﯾﮑﯽ از ﭘﯿﭽﯿﺪهﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت در اﺻﻼح ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎت، ﺑـﺮﻫﻤﮑﻨﺶ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿـﭗ در ﻣﺤـﯿﻂ اﺳـﺖ. ﺑـﺎ ﻫـﺪف ارزﯾـﺎﺑﯽ ﭘﺎﯾـﺪاري ﻋﻤﻠﮑـﺮد ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎي اﻣﯿﺪﺑﺨﺶ ﻧﺨﻮد ﺳﻔﯿﺪ، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ روي 16 ﻻﯾﻦ و دو رﻗﻢ ﻧﺨﻮد در ﭼﻬﺎر اﯾﺴـﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘـﺎﺗﯽ ﻣﺮاﻏـﻪ، ﮐﺮدﺳـﺘﺎن، اروﻣﯿـﻪ و ﻫﻤﺪان ﻃﯽ دو ﺳﺎل )1397 و 1398( در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﭼﻬﺎر ﺗﮑﺮار ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت دﯾـﻢ ﺑﻬـﺎره اﺟـﺮا ﺷـﺪ. ﺗﺠﺰﯾـﻪ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﺮﮐﺐ دادهﻫﺎ، ﺑﺮاي ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﺮﻫﻤﮑﻨﺶ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ و ﺗﺠﺰﯾـﻪ اﺛـﺮات اﺻـﻠﯽ ﺟﻤﻊﭘـﺬﯾﺮ و اﺛـﺮات ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑـﻞ ﺿـﺮبﭘﺬﯾﺮ )AMMI( اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ ﻣﺮﮐﺐ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ از ﮐﻞ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات، 35/6 درﺻﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﮑﺎن و 36/1 درﺻﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺮﻫﻤﮑﻨﺶ ﺳﺎل در ﻣﮑﺎن ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﯿﻪ ﺑﻮد. ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﺎل ﻓﻘﻂ 13/06 درﺻﺪ از ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺎت ﮐﻞ را ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﮐﺮد. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ AMMI، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ ﻧﺨﻮد ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ )7/10 درﺻﺪ(، ﻣﺤﯿﻂ )84/8 درﺻﺪ( و ﺑﺮﻫﻤﮑﻨﺶ اﯾﻦ دو )8/04 درﺻﺪ(، ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻗـﺮار ﮔﺮﻓـﺖ. ﻣﻌﻨـﯽدار ﺑﻮدن ﺑﺮﻫﻤﮑﻨﺶ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻫﻢ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و ﻫﻢ رﺗﺒﻪﺑﻨﺪي ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﺮﻫﻤﮑﻨﺶ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﺑـﻮد. ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺎت ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ وﺟﻮد ﺑﺮﻫﻤﮑﻨﺶ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺑﯿﻦ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ و ﻣﺤﯿﻂ را ﻧﺸﺎن داد. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ AMMI ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺎت ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﺑﻪ دو ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ اﺻﻠﯽ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪ. اﯾﻦ دو ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ اﺻﻠﯽ )IPC2 و IPC1( ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار و ﺑﻄﻮر ﺗﺠﻤﻌﯽ 82/9 درﺻﺪ از ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﮐﻞ را ﺗﻮﺟﯿﻪ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ و ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﭽﯿﺪه ﺑﺮﻫﻤﮑﻨﺶ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ و ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﮐﻔﺎﯾﺖ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ. رﺗﺒﻪﺑﻨﺪي ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ارزش ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري اﻣﯽ )ASV( اﻧﺠﺎم و ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ 3 ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﭘﺎﯾﺪارﺗﺮﯾﻦ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮ اﺳـﺎس ﻧﺘـﺎﯾﺞ ﻣـﺪل AMMI1، ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ 5 ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﭘﺎﯾﺪارﺗﺮﯾﻦ و ﭘﺮﻣﺤﺼﻮلﺗﺮﯾﻦ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘـﺎﯾﺞ ﺑـﺎيﭘـﻼت AMMI2، ژﻧﻮﺗﯿـﭗ 11 ﺑـﻪ ﻋﻨـﻮان ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري و ﺳﺎزﮔﺎري ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. از ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺤﯿﻂﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ و ﮐﻤﺘـﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑـﺮد داﻧـﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿـﺐ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂﻫﺎي E5 و E4)ﮐﺮدﺳﺘﺎن ﺳﺎل دوم و اروﻣﯿﻪ ﺳﺎل اول( ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎي 5 و 3 ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد 941/4 و 911/1 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﻻﯾﻦﻫﺎي ﭘﺮﻣﺤﺼﻮل و ﭘﺎﯾﺪار در ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﻣﺤﯿﻂﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ.
چكيده لاتين :
One of the most complicated issues in plant breeding programs is genotype by environment interaction. To evaluate seed yield stability of 18 chickpea promising lines, a field experiment was conducted using randomized complete block design with four replications in two cropping seasons (2018-19 and 2019-2020) in four research stations (Maragheh, Kurdistan West Azerbaijan and Hamedan), Iran. Combined analysis of variance (ANOVA) as well as additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) were performed to evaluate the genotype × environment interactions. Combined ANOVA showed that of the total variation, 35.62% were explained by "location" and 36.1% by the interaction effect of "year × location". Whereas, "year" explained only 13.06% of the total sum of squares. Based on AMMI analysis, chickpea seed yield was affected by genotype (7.10%), environment (84.8%) and genotype × environment interaction efect (8.04%). The significance of GEI showed that both the performance and ranking of genotypes fluctuated under the influence of GEI. On the other hand, the sum of squares of GEI showed the existence of cross-interaction between genotype and environment. AMMI analysis divided the GEI sum of squares into two main components. These two main components (IPC1 and IPC2) were significant and collectively accounted for 82.9% of the total variation and are, therefore, sufficient to explain the complex patterns of GE interaction. Genotypes were ranked based on AMMI stability value (ASV), and G3 line was designated as the genotype with highest seed yield stabilty. The AMMI1 model also identified the G5 line with high seed yield stability and performance. On the other hand, the AMMI2 bioplot identified the G11 line as a genotype with high general adaptability and seed yield stability. Among the experimental environments, the highest and lowest seed yields were obtained in E5 and E4 environments (Kurdistan in second year and West Azerbaijan in first year), respectively. According to the results of this study, G5 and G3 lines with seed yield of 941.4 and 911.1 kg.ha-1, respectively, were identified as high yielding with yield stability in all environments.
عنوان نشريه :
علوم زراعي ايران
