پديد آورندگان :
سعيدي، مهدي دانشگاه علم و صنعت ايران - دانشكده مهندسي معماري و شهرسازي - گروه شهرسازي، تهران، ايران , انصاري، مژگان دانشگاه علم و صنعت ايران - دانشكده مهندسي معماري و شهرسازي - گروه شهرسازي، تهران، ايران , ترابي نژاد، فائزه دانشگاه علم و صنعت ايران - دانشكده مهندسي معماري و شهرسازي - گروه شهرسازي، تهران، ايران
كليدواژه :
شهر بوم گرا , رضايت مندي , عناصر زيست محيطي , ميزان تحقق يافتگي , محله ازگل , تهران
چكيده لاتين :
BACKGROUND and OBJECTIVES: In the recent decade, the new constructions in the urban design and planning processes are not compatible with the desirable urban ecology conditions, resulting in creating adverse environmental conditions on a micro-scale for urban neighborhoods and on a macro-scale for the city and suburban areas. Disregarding the principles of sustainable development and eco-city has caused an inefficient environment and adverse ecological conditions for the majority of the neighborhoods in different cities of Iran. Ozgol neighborhood of Tehran was selected as the case study for the field survey and investigating the research indicators. This neighborhood is located in District 1 of Tehran Municipality and enjoys more desirable climate conditions than most of the other neighborhoods of Tehran. The indicators of the eco-city aspects in proportion to the residents’ satisfaction were not considered in the conducted studies so far in an integrated and cohesive way. Also, evaluating the current situation to recognize the responsiveness of the indicators has not been conducted in a case study in proportion to the ideal expected situation and based on the scientific literature of the subject. Accordingly, the current study aims to evaluate the satisfaction of the residents of the Ozgol neighborhood with the current situation while explaining the influential indicators on the eco-city, considering functional, physical, economic, social, and environmental aspects. This research also presents the practical and constructive solutions to promote the ecological situation of the neighborhood understudy and delivers a proper framework in this regard to be used in the urban neighborhoods.
METHODS: The current research is an applied type of research in terms of purpose. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used in the data collection process and analysis. Therefore, it can be said that the methodological approach of the current study was based on the mixed approach. According to the theoretical foundations, the indicators of eco-city were extracted. Also, the data was collected using a questionnaire, and they were analyzed in SPSS software using one-sample t-test and Multivariate Regression. 375 questionnaires were used considering the number of the neighborhood population in the field studies and data collection. The validity of the questionnaire was studied and controlled through content analysis of the questions and adapting them with the scientific foundations. Its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach’s alpha test (a value higher than 0.7). The sampling was done randomly among the neighborhood residents, and the Ozgol neighborhood was selected as the case study using the purposive sampling method due to its relatively desirable environmental conditions. Compared to the majority of other neighborhoods, the stated neighborhood in the north of Tehran and adjacent to the Lavizan Forest Park indicates its favorable environmental conditions in comparison with other neighborhoods of Tehran.
FINDINGS: The indicators of eco-city can be explained in functional, physical, economic, social, and environmental aspects. The desirability of these aspects was studied based on the various indicators. In addition to evaluating the desirability, the impact factor of each one of them on the overall residents’ satisfaction with the conditions of the eco-city was calculated. The findings indicate that the effectiveness of nine indicators of the ecological criteria on the residents’ satisfaction is significant, and 29 indicators do not enjoy a favorable situation. The following indicators have the maximum effect on the
satisfaction, respectively: the existence of green space, park, and tree in the open and
public spaces (rather than asphalt) with the coefficient of 0.315, the degree of social
interactions in the green public spaces with natural elements with the coefficient of 0.250,
using water in landscaping with the coefficient of 0.246, existence of native plant species
with the coefficient f 0.200, the value of the vastness of the neighborhood size and being
particular with the coefficient of 0.198, the number and quality of the green spaces with
the coefficient of 0.120, the location of the communication network and the building
masses in accordance with air circulations with the coefficient of 0.106, the mixed land
use with the coefficient of 0.090, and the capability to provide the majority of the needs
in walking and bicycle distance with the coefficient of 0.073. The influential indicators of
the realizability provided 51% of the ecological conditions, indicating that 49% remained
to achieve an ideal condition, which indicates a relatively low realization of ecology
orientation.
CONCLUSION: Considering that the Ozgol neighborhood is located in the northeastern
area of Tehran and enjoys more desirable environmental conditions than most of the
other neighborhoods of Tehran, the realization percentage of the ecological indicators
in this neighborhood was expected to be more than 51%. Some neighborhoods might
suffer from the lack of or fundamental weakness of the ecological indicators. Also,
there might be few neighborhoods in Tehran that are less far from the ideal state than
the Ozgol neighborhood. The adjacency of the Ozgol neighborhood to Lavizan Forest
Park, the existing environmental facilities, and its establishment in the northern area of
Tehran have realized the majority of eco-city indicators. However, the poor function of
the ecological urban design and planning processes does not show the realizability of its
ecology-orientation as responsive. This weakness warns the urban management about
the threatening and adverse situation of the majority of the neighborhoods of Tehran,
considering that most of the neighborhoods of Tehran do not have such context. In
order to approach an ideal situation, on the one hand, the quality and quantity of the
indicators and their effectiveness must be promoted. On the other hand, the contexts for
the realization of other indicators must also be provided. Disregarding the indicators of
the eco-city in the long-term might limit the continuity of urbanization and might lead to
the destruction of the urbanized civilization. Therefore, survey, evaluation, and providing
the context for realizing the eco-city indicators must be on the agenda of the urban
management continuously.
HIGHLIGHTS:
- Evaluating the realizability of ecology-orientation in Ozgol neighborhood of Tehran and
how to achieve an ideal situation.
– Presenting the indicators of the ecocity and a conceptual framework of the ecological
development based on the residents’ satisfaction.
– Explaining the threatening and adverse situation of the majority neighborhoods of
Tehran in terms of ecology orientation based on the deduction resulted from the purposive
selection of the case study and data analysis.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS:
This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public,
commercial, or not-forprofit sectors.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST:
The authors declared no conflicts of interest.
