تحليلي بر شاخص هاي ارزيابي كننده ميزان اهميت و حياتي بودن زيرساخت ها: رهيافت نظريه داده بنياد

Analysis of indicators of evaluation of importance and life of infrastructure: grounded theory approach

زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺑﻨﯿﺎنﻫﺎي اﺳﺎﺳﯽ در ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ اﻣﺮوزي ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮريﮐﻪ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ ﺑﺸﺮي و رﺿﺎﯾﺖﻣﻨﺪي ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪي زﯾﺎدي ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد اﯾﻤﻦ و ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎ واﺑﺴﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ در ﺣﺎﻟﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﯾﻤﻦﺳﺎزي و ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ از ﺗﻤﺎم داراﯾﯽﻫﺎ و زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎ در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ و ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺮاي دوﻟﺖﻫﺎ و ﯾﺎ ﮐﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎﯾﺎن ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ و اﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎت، ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﯽ ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﺑﺮاﻧﮕﯿﺰ ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ، ﺿﺮورت دارد زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎ و داراﯾﯽﻫﺎي ﺣﺎﺋﺰ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎ و ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي ﮐﺎرآﻣﺪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ، ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ و ﻃﺒﻘﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﮔﺮدﻧﺪ. ﻫﺪف اﺻﻠﯽ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ و اﺣﺼﺎء ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﺣﯿﺎﺗﯽﺑﻮدن زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎو داراﯾﯽﻫﺎ اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮدي ﺟﺎﻣﻊ و روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ داده ﺑﻨﯿﺎد ﺑﺮﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ از ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ اﺳﺘﺮاوس و ﮐﻮرﺑﯿﻦ )1998( ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ، ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﺣﯿﺎﺗﯽﺑﻮدن زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ روش ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ، ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪاي و اﺳﻨﺎدي ﺑﺎ ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺶ ﻣﺘﻮن و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ از ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن در ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب اﺷﺒﺎع ﻧﻈﺮي ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ و از راﻫﺒﺮد ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ داده ﺑﻨﯿﺎد ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺪﮔﺬاري ﺑﺎز، ﻣﺤﻮري و اﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﯽ و ﻧﯿﺰ اﻟﮕﻮي ﻣﺒﻨﺎﯾﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ ﻣﺪل اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ؛ ﻋﻠّﯽ، زﻣﯿﻨﻪاي، ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪﮔﺮ، راﻫﺒﺮدﻫﺎ و ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎ و ﻣﺪل ﭘﺎراداﯾﻢ ﮐﺪﮔﺬاري ﻣﺤﻮري ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﺣﯿﺎﺗﯽﺑﻮدن زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺖﻫﺎ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽﻫﺎي و ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه، ﻣﻨﺘﺞ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﺗﻌﺪاد 26 ﺷﺎﺧﺺ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ 5 ﮔﺮوه اﺻﻠﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

Infrastructure is defined as one of the basic foundations in today's societies, so that the life of human societies and environmental satisfaction depends to some extent on the safe and reliable operation of infrastructure. At the same time, securing and protecting all assets and infrastructure in the right conditions and the subject of influential factors for governments or sector employers in terms of resources and facilities, is challenging. . Therefore, important infrastructures and assets should be identified, classified and classified based on indicators and functions. The main purpose of this research is to identify and enumerate the indicators of the vitality of infrastructure and assets. This research has done a content analysis in order to determine the criticality of infrastructure by a comprehensive study and qualitative research method of foundation data derived from Strauss and Corbin (1998) theory. Data were collected through interviews, library studies and documentation by surveying existing texts and sources. The sample size for interviews with experts in the use of theoretical saturation was finalized and the strategic theory of the foundation including open, personality and selective coding and the model for determining this theory for model development are presented. The findings turned into the identification of causal, contextual, intervening conditions, strategies and consequences, and the paradigm model of index coding as indicators of the criticality of infrastructure. The results of studies and studies have led to the identification of 26 indicators in the form of 5 main groups.