تحليل ظرفيت نهادي توسعه شهري دانش‌ بنيان اصفهان

Institutional Capacity Analysis of Isfahan Knowledge-Based Urban Development

امروزه توسعه شهري دانش‌بنيان با ايجاد فرصت براي توليد، انتشار و استفاده از دانش شهروندان، به‌عنوان نگرشي براي توسعه پايدار شهرها مطرح‌شده است و سياست‌گذاري آن بايد مبتنى بر ظرفيت نهادي محلي براي تغييرات نهاديِ كارا باشد. لذا اين پژوهش در پي شناسايي عوامل مؤثر بر ظرفيت نهادي توسعه شهري دانش‌بنيان اصفهان است و با هدف اكتشافي- تبييني، با استفاده از روش تحقيق پيمايشي و تحليل عاملي اكتشافي انجام‌شده است. رويكرد روش‌شناختي پژوهش نيز از نظر ماهيت داده‌ها، كمّي و ابزار اصلي براي گردآوري داده‌ها، پرسشنامه است. يافته‌هاي پژوهش حاضر نشان مي‌دهد كه هشت عامل مؤثر بر ظرفيت نهادي توسعه شهري دانش‌بنيان اصفهان با مجموع واريانس 66.309 درصد، تبيين مناسبي از موضوع به دست‌ مي‌دهند كه مهم‌ترين عامل، محيط مشوق و حمايتگر توليد و استفاده از دانش است. از سويي، وضعيت ظرفيت نهادي توسعه شهري دانش‌بنيان اصفهان با امتياز 34.16 درمجموع، نامناسب است و در شرايط عدم اراده سياسي كافي و بينش راهبردي عميق براي تحقق توسعه شهري دانش‌بنيان اصفهان، كنشگران و به‌ويژه مديران، به دليل اعتماد كم به يكديگر، تمايل اندكي براي همكاري دارند و ازاين‌رو نمي‌توانند محيطي مشوق و حامي توليد و استفاده از دانش، شامل زيرساخت‌هاي سخت (فضاهاي شهري مناسب براي حضور و گفتگوي افراد) و زيرساخت‌هاي نرم (ارائه مشوق‌ها و ايجاد آسايش و امنيت شغلي) را فراهم سازند.

Nowadays, as cities are the center of development in which knowledge is produced and disseminated, they play a fundamental role in knowledge-based development. Thus, knowledge-based value is the driving force of urban development and is changing the spatial structure of the cities. Knowledge-based urban development (KBUD) has been proposed as an approach for competitiveness and sustainable development of urban economics and their compatibility to the strategies of the knowledge economy through creating opportunities for the production and exchange of knowledge and innovation between citizens. Due to the fact that KBUD activities are related to the stakeholders in the field of learning and innovation, the use of the capacity building and networking tools based on the institutional framework and through the expansion of local stakeholder engagement can underlie and be the driving force of institutional changes for integrated urban development. According to the emergence of city knowledge studies and the lack of systematic development of its theoretical foundations, there has been little research conducted on the success or failure of KBUD policies and their challenges in the cities in developing countries. Recent studies have shown that the most important requirement for the realization of KBUD is institutional development. In order to create interaction and integrated compatibility between urban resources and stakeholders, the need for good governance and strong political leadership is the pioneer in science and technology that addresses the weakness of institutional arrangements and the inadequacy of the governing tools. The most substantial aspect of knowledge-based urban development is the institutional aspect, since it is the regulator of the relationship between the economic, social, and environmental aspects of the city, which is performed based on political will, strategic view, strong relationships, and KBUD stakeholders' confidence. Therefore, this study seeks to identify the factors affecting the institutional capacity of KBUD in Isfahan to provide a proper understanding of the institutional requirements of KBUD in Isfahan. This research has been conducted with an exploratory-operational goal and has used exploratory factor analysis and survey research methods. It is also a quantitative research due to the nature of the required data, and the main tool for data collection is questionnaire. The findings show that eight factors affecting the institutional capacity of KBUD in Isfahan with a total variance of 66.309% provide a good explanation of the topic, the most important factor being an encouraging and supportive environment for knowledge production and use. On the other hand, the institutional capacity status of KBUD in Isfahan, with an overall score of 34.16 is inadequate and in the absence of sufficient political will and deep strategic insight for the realization of KBUD in Isfahan, actors and managers, in particular, are less willing to cooperate because of their lack of trust in each other. Therefore, they cannot provide an encouraging and supportive environment for knowledge production and use, including hard infrastructure (urban spaces suitable for people to attend and chat) and soft infrastructure (providing incentives, job comfort and security).