تأثير جايگزيني كنجاله سويا با كنجاله سياه‌دانه بر فراسنجه‌هاي خوني، گوارش‌پذيري، عملكرد و خصوصيات لاشه بره‌‌هاي پرواري زندي

Effects of replacing soybean meal by black seed meal on blood parameters, nutrients digestibility, performance and carcass characteristics of Zandi fattening lambs

ﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻨﺠﺎﻟﻪ ﺳﯿﺎه داﻧﻪ و ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻨﯽ ﮐﻨﺠﺎﻟﻪ ﺳﻮﯾﺎ ﺑﺎ ﮐﻨﺠﺎﻟﻪ ﺳﯿﺎه داﻧﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻓﺮاﺳﻨﺠﻪﻫﺎي ﺧﻮﻧﯽ، ﮔﻮارش ﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﻣﻮاد ﻣﻐﺬي، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﻻﺷﻪ ﺑﺮهﻫﺎي ﭘﺮواري زﻧﺪي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. در اﺑﺘﺪا ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮐﻨﺠﺎﻟﻪ ﺳﯿﺎه داﻧﻪ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺷﺪ. ﺳﭙﺲ ﻫﺠﺪه رأس ﺑﺮه ﻧﺮ از ﺷﯿﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ وزن 1/5± 23/5 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﮐﺎﻣﻼً ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در ﺳﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﺷﺶ رأﺳﯽ در ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي اﻧﻔﺮادي ﺑﺎ ﺟﯿﺮهﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺟﯿﺮهﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 1( ﺷﺎﻫﺪ )ﺟﯿﺮه ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺑﺎ 12 درﺻﺪ ﮐﻨﺠﺎﻟﻪ ﺳﻮﯾﺎ و ﺑﺪون ﮐﻨﺠﺎﻟﻪ ﺳﯿﺎه داﻧﻪ(، 2( ﺟﯿﺮه ﺣﺎوي 6 درﺻﺪ ﮐﻨﺠﺎﻟﻪ ﺳﻮﯾﺎ و 9 درﺻﺪ ﮐﻨﺠﺎﻟﻪ ﺳﯿﺎه داﻧﻪ و 3( ﺟﯿﺮه ﺣﺎوي 18 درﺻﺪ ﮐﻨﺠﺎﻟﻪ ﺳﯿﺎه داﻧﻪ و ﺑﺪون ﮐﻨﺠﺎﻟﻪ ﺳﻮﯾﺎ ﺑﻮد. ﻣﻘﺪار ﻣﺎده ﺧﺸﮏ، ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ ﺧﺎم، ﭼﺮﺑﯽ ﺧﺎم، ﻓﯿﺒﺮ ﻧﺎﻣﺤﻠﻮل در ﺷﻮﯾﻨﺪه ﺧﻨﺜﯽ، ﻓﯿﺒﺮ ﻧﺎﻣﺤﻠﻮل در ﺷﻮﯾﻨﺪه اﺳﯿﺪي، ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﻧﺎﻣﺤﻠﻮل در ﺷﻮﻧﺪه اﺳﯿﺪي و ﺧﺎﮐﺴﺘﺮ ﮐﻨﺠﺎﻟﻪ ﺳﯿﺎه داﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 5/07 ،0/69 ،14/2 ،25/95 ،15/16 ،31/26 ،97/53 درﺻﺪ ﻣﺎده ﺧﺸﮏ ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻨﯽ ﮐﻨﺠﺎﻟﻪ ﺳﻮﯾﺎ ﺑﺎ ﮐﻨﺠﺎﻟﻪ ﺳﯿﺎه داﻧﻪ در ﺟﯿﺮه ﺑﺮهﻫﺎي ﭘﺮواري ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮي ﺑﺮ وزن ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ، ﻣﺎده ﺧﺸﮏ ﻣﺼﺮﻓﯽ، اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ وزن روزاﻧﻪ، ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﺧﻮراك، درﺻﺪ و ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﻻﺷﻪ و ﻣﯿﺰان دﻧﺒﻪ ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ. آﻟﺒﻮﻣﯿﻦ و ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ ﮐﻞ ﺧﻮن ﺑﺮهﻫﺎي ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ﺟﯿﺮه ﺣﺎوي 18 درﺻﺪ ﮐﻨﺠﺎﻟﻪ ﺳﯿﺎه داﻧﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎ ﺑﻮد (P 0/05). ﻣﻘﺪار ﮔﻠﻮﮐﺰ، ﺗﺮي ﮔﻠﯿﺴﺮﯾﺪ، ﮐﻠﺴﺘﺮول و ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن اورهاي ﺧﻮن ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﻗﺮار ﻧﮕﺮﻓﺖ. ﮔﻮارش ﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﻣﺎده ﺧﺸﮏ، ﻣﺎده آﻟﯽ، ﭼﺮﺑﯽ و ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ ﺟﯿﺮه در ﺑﯿﻦ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﮐﻨﺠﺎﻟﻪ ﺳﯿﺎه داﻧﻪ در ﺟﯿﺮه ﺑﺮهﻫﺎي ﭘﺮواري ﺗﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ 18 درﺻﺪ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و ﮔﻮارش ﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﻣﻮاد ﻣﻐﺬي ﺟﯿﺮه ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ.

In this study, chemical compositions of black seed meals samples were determined. 18 male weaning Zandi lambs with an average body weight of 23.5 ±1.5 kg were used in a completely randomized design in three groups of six in individual pens. Experimental treatments were: 1) control (basal diet with 12% soybean meal and without black seed meal), 2) diet containing 6% soybean meal and 9% black seed meal and 3) diet containing 18% black seed meal and without soybean meal. The concentration of dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, NDF, ADF, ADIN, and crude ash of black seed meal samples were 97.53±0.58, 31.26±0.99, 15.16 ± 0.61, 25.95 ± 1.34, 14.2±0.80, 0.69±0.04 and 5.07 ± 0.24, respectively. Replacement of soybean meal with black seed meal in the diet of experimental lambs had no effect on final body weight, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, dry matter intake, dressing percentage, tail and total body fat deposition. Albumin and total protein were higher for lambs fed by diet containing 18 % black seed meal compared to other treatments (P <0.05). However, the concentration of blood triglyceride, cholesterol and urea nitrogen were not differed between experimental groups. The digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude fat and protein were not affect by feeding of experimental diets. It seems that black seed meal can be used in the diet of fattening lambs up to 18% without adverse effect on performance and nutrients digestibility of growing lambs.