پديد آورندگان :
اسلامي، شيرين دانشگاه هنر اصفهان - دانشكده معماري و شهرسازي، اصفهان، ايران , زماني، بهادر دانشگاه هنر اصفهان - دانشكده معماري و شهرسازي - گروه شهرسازي، اصفهان، ايران , نورايي، همايون دانشگاه هنر اصفهان - دانشكده معماري و شهرسازي - گروه شهرسازي، اصفهان، ايران
كليدواژه :
چارچوب طراحي شهري , قلمروپايي , حريم , حرم هاي زيارتي , حرم مطهر حضرت معصومه (س) , شهر قم
چكيده لاتين :
The discussion of the territory is one of the important principles and social dimensions of the public spaces. Territories play a significant role in access to sacred places; privacy of holy places is a sacred territory with special features that always need special attention and consideration by city managers, pilgrims and neighbors to maintain the sense of sanctity and
identity. The construction, development and organization of the territory of these places should be in line with the culture
of the pilgrimage and enhancing the quality of pilgrimage hierarchy to the holy place in pilgrims. As the ultimate goal of
pilgrimage for the pilgrims is to achieve the spiritual values and religious intuitions, the territory of these places in religious
cities should be in accordance with the pilgrimage customs and rituals. Hence, the attention to the spiritual territory of these
places in response to the pilgrimage rituals is necessary for designing these public territories. Despite the considerations
made by the city managers in recent years, the territory of the holy shrine in the historical and central core of Qom city,
still encounters the following problems: the ignorance of the cultural heritage codes, the existence of the incompatible
land uses against the religious spirit of this territory, noise pollution, visual pollution, traffic in the city center, disrespect
to visual privacy of the holy shrine with monorail crossing Qom road and its violation to the cultural heritage of holy
shrine. The purpose of this paper is to present a conceptual framework of urban design for the privacy of the pilgrimage
shrines with a comprehensive territoriality approach and evaluate it in the peripheral territory of Hazrat Masoumeh’s
holy shrine as a case study. This research has been conducted through a mixed paradigm and a descriptive-analytical
research method. Data collection tools include library-documentary studies, opinions of urban experts, observation and a
questionnaire. The data were analyzed through both quantitative and qualitative methods. In doing that, techniques such as
Isovist, space syntax, SPSS software for statistical data analysis, sensewalking, soundscapes technique by Sound Analyzer
TES-1358 in two time periods of day and night, and behavioral perceptions have been used to evaluate this territory.
Based on the findings of this paper, the urban design framework with the aim of respecting the privacy of pilgrimage
shrines could be portrayed in line with the following factors: the physical-spatial (with indicators of transformation layers,
permeability, street pattern, orientation, density pattern, grain pattern, centrality, hierarchy and identifiable thresholds,
space syntax), functional-behavioral (with indicators of land-use and activity, social participation, social ownership and
surveillance, social relations and interactions), visual (with indicators of views identification, legibility of landmarks, unity
in plurality), and perceptual organizations (with indicators of sensescape, symbolism, motivational, sense of spirituality,
sense of humility, territory identity, imageability and clarity). The results of the evaluation of the framework in the studied
case indicate the lack of attention to some indicators and measures of urban design, especially in the visual, perceptual, and
functional-behavioral organizations in the territory of Hazrat Masoumeh’s holy shrine.
