ارزيابي تحمل به شوري در 43 ژنوتيپ عدس به همراه رقم زراعي مردم

Evaluation of 43 genotypes and Mardom cultivar of lentils under salt stress

ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر دﺳﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻋﺪس )Lens culinaris Medik ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮري در ﻓﺎز ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ و اﺳﺘﻘﺮار ﮔﯿﺎﻫﭽﻪ، در دو ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ و ﺑﺮﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﻃﺮح ﮐﺎﻣﻼً ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار در ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. 44 ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ ﻋﺪس ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﭼﻬﺎر ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻮري، ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اول و ﭼﻬﺎر ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ ﻋﺪس ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﭼﻬﺎر ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻮري، ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ دوم ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﭼﻬﺎر ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮري در آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ اول، ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺐ ﺧﺎك ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺧﺎك داراي ﺷﻮري ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ در ﻧﺴﺒﺖﻫﺎي وزﻧﯽ ﯾﮏ، دو ﺑﻪ ﯾﮏ، ﯾﮏ ﺑﻪ ﯾﮏ و ﯾﮏ ﺑﻪ دو )ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺧﺎك ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﯽ و ﺧﺎك ﺷﻮر( و در آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ، دوم ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از NaCl )ﺻﻔﺮ، 120 ،60 و 180 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻣﻮﻻر( ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﮐﻠﺮوﻓﯿﻞ b a، ﮐﺎروﺗﻨﻮﺋﯿﺪ و ﭘﺮوﻟﯿﻦ ﻣﻮرد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﻃﺒﻖ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ، اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﺑﯿﻦ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎ در ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮري وﺟﻮد داﺷﺖ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺧﺴﺎرت، ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮري ﺑﻮد. ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر دﺳﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪي ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮري در آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ اول، ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ ﺧﻮﺷﻪاي و ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ و ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎ در ﭼﻬﺎر ﮔﺮوه ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ دﺳﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﭼﻬﺎر ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ دوم ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اول اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﮐﻠﯽ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ در ﺑﯿﻦ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻋﺪس، ﺗﻨﻮع ﺑﺎﻻﯾﯽ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﻮري وﺟﻮد داﺷﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي اﺻﻼح ارﻗﺎم زراﻋﯽ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد.

This project was carried out to study and classify the lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) genotypes during germination and seedling establishment, in Greenhouse and in two stages. First stage was carried out with 43 genotypes and Mardom cultivar of lentil in 4 levels of salinity and 3 replications in factorial experiment in as a completely randomized design in a combination of non-saline and saline soil in the 1, 2-1, 1-1 and 1-2 weight ratios (respectively non-saline soil and saline soil). Second stage was carried out with 3 genotypes and Mardom cultivar of lentil in 4 levels of salinity of NaCl (0, 60, 120, 180 mM) and 3 replications in a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design. In this project, some morphological characteristics as well as the content of chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids and proline were evaluated. Analysis of the results showed that as the salinity increased, morphological traits in most genotypes were significantly damaged. For clustering genotypes in the first experiment, cluster analysis and principal component analysis was carried out and genotypes were classified in four different groups. 4 genotypes for second experiment were selected according to the results of cluster analysis. Results showed that there was high diversity in lentil genotypes in response to salt stress, and we can use this diversity in cultivars breeding programs.