ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ و اراﺋﻪ راﻫﮑﺎر اﺟﺮاي ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪ (ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻮردي: ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن راﻣﺴﺮ )

Evaluation and Providing a Solution for Implementing Waste Management Law (Case Study: Ramsar City)

رﺷﺪ روزاﻓﺰون ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﻮاد زاﯾﺪ، ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪ ﺷﻬﺮي را ﺿﺮوري ﮐﺮده و ﻣﺘﺄﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﻧﺒﻮد ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روشﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮب، ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ و ﻣﺤﯿﻂزﯾﺴﺖ ﻧﯿﺰ در ﻣﻌﺮض ﺧﻄﺮ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﭼﺮاﯾﯽ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﻧﯿﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪ و اراﺋﻪ راﻫﺒﺮدﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ در اﯾﻦ ﺣﻮزه ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ و در راﺳﺘﺎي ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻮردي ﺑﺎ ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ SWOTو ﻣﺎﺗﺮﯾﺲ ﮐﻤﯽ )QSPM(، ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن راﻣﺴﺮ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﺧﺎص ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ و اﮐﻮﺗﻮرﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﺷﻨﺎور ﻓﺼﻠﯽ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻤﻊ آوري اﻃﻼﻋﺎت از اﺑﺰار ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ اي ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه روش ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ و ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ )دﻟﻔﯽ( اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺑﺎ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي و ﻃﺒﻖ ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ دﻟﻔﯽ 25ﻧﻔﺮ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ. داده ﻫﺎ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ SWOT، روش ﻣﺎﺗﺮﯾﺲ ﮐﻤﯽ و ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰي اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋﯾﮏ )QSPM( ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪ ﺷﻬﺮي، ﺑﺎ اﯾﺪه راﻫﺒﺮد ﺗﻬﺎﺟﻤﯽ، اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑـﯽ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ داﺷﺖ. اﯾﺠﺎد اﺷﺘﻐﺎل و ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻮزه ﺗﻔﮑﯿﮏ و ﺑﺎزﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪ، ﺑﻪروزرﺳﺎﻧﯽ ﻧﺎوﮔﺎن ﺣﻤﻞ ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪ و ﺗﺴﻬﯿﻞ ﺿﻮاﺑﻂ و ﻣﻘﺮرات دوﻟﺘﯽ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪﮔﺬاران ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯽ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮات و ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﻄﻠﻮب اﯾﻦ روﯾﮑﺮد ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻫﺎي ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و راﻫﺒﺮد ﺗﻬﺎﺟﻤﯽ ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎدي، اﯾﻦﮔﻮﻧﻪ اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎط ﻣﯽﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ ﻧﻘﺎط ﺿﻌﻒ ﭼﺸﻤﮕﯿﺮ در ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﺷﻬﺮي؛ اﻋﻢ از ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ درآﻣﺪي و ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪ را ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻧﻘﺎط ﻗﻮت و ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫ ﺎي ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪ، اﺻﻼح ﮐﺮد.

Increasing population and increasing waste production have made urban waste management essential and unfortunately, due to lack of appropriate management and the use of undesirable methods, public health and the environment have been endangered. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and investigate why waste management laws are not implemented and to provide appropriate strategies using SWOT and quantitative matrix (QSPM) techniques for the case under study. The city of Ramsar was selected because of its special natural and ecotourism features and seasonal floating population. To collect data, library tools were used in addition to field and survey methods (Delphi). The statistical population was selected by sampling method and based on the Delphi technique, 25 people were selected. Data analysis was performed based on SWOT technique, quantitative matrix method and strategic planning (QSPM). The results of this study indicated that an aggressive strategy needed to be implemented in urban waste management for it to be effective. Creating employment and entrepreneurship related to the field of waste segregation and recycling, updating waste transportation fleet and facilitating government rules and regulations to help private sector investors were among the favorable effects and consequences of this approach. Based on the analysis and the proposed aggressive strategy, it was inferred that significant weaknesses in the urban structure including revenue and waste management issues could be remedied with the help of strengths and opportunities in waste management law.