تأثير جنس مصالح در كاهش مصرف انرژي در مراكز تجاري آتريمي در شمال و مركز استان تهران

The Effect of Materials in Reducing Energy Consumption in Atrium Commercial Centers in the North and Center of Tehran Province

آﺗﺮﯾﻢ ﻫﺎ در ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ ﺗﺠﺎري ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮏ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﻨﻔﻌﻞ ﺧﻮرﺷﯿﺪي ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ ﻧﻮر، ﻣﺼﺮف ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎي روﺷﻨﺎﯾﯽ و ﺗﻬﻮﯾﻪ ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻋﯽ را ﮐﺎﻫﺶ دﻫﻨﺪ وﻟﯽ در ﺣﺎل ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎرﻧﮕﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﯾﺎ ﮐﻤﺒﻮد اﻃﻼﻋﺎت اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻣﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﻮردﻧﯿﺎز ﻧﺮماﻓﺰارﻫﺎي ﺷﺒﯿﻪﺳﺎز اﻧﺮژي، ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶﻫﺎي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه در ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﺳﺘﺎن ﺗﻬﺮان ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﺎ داده ﻫﺎي ﻫﻮاﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﻓﺮودﮔﺎه ﻣﻬﺮآﺑﺎد اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻌﻀﺎً ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﺷﺘﺒﺎه ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺟﻨﺲ ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ در ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺮژي در ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ ﺗﺠﺎر ي آﺗﺮﯾ ﻤﯽ در ﺷﻤﺎل و ﻣﺮﮐﺰ اﺳﺘﺎن ﺗﻬﺮان ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار دﯾﺰاﯾﻦﺑﯿﻠﺪر اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺎ اﺻﻼح اﻃﻼﻋﺎت اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻮردﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ در راﺳﺘﺎي رﻓﻊ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ﮔﺎم ﺑﺮداﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. روش ﮐﻠﯽ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ، ﺷﺒﯿﻪﺳﺎزي ﺑﺎ رو ﯾﮑﺮد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻮردي و از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻧﻮع، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﻋﻠﯽرﻏﻢ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮان ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺎﮐﻨﻮن اﻧﺘﻈﺎر داﺷﺘﻨﺪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺣﺮارﺗﯽ ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﻫﻤﻮاره ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺮژ ي در ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن ﻫﺎ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد، در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد ﮐﻪ در ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ ﺗﺠﺎري آﺗﺮﯾﻤﯽ )ﻓﺮوﺷﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي زﻧﺠﯿﺮه اي( در ﺷﻤﺎل و ﻣﺮﮐﺰ اﺳﺘﺎن ﺗﻬﺮان، در ﺻﻮرت اﺻﻼح داده ﻫﺎي ﻫﻮاﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ در ﺧﺮداﻗﻠﯿﻢ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻣﻮردﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ و ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات داﺧﻠﯽ ﻓﺮوﺷﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي زﻧﺠﯿﺮه اي، ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﮐﺎﻣﻼً ﻣﺘﻔﺎوﺗﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد؛ ﺑﻪﻃﻮري ﮐﻪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺣﺮارﺗﯽ ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ در اﻗﻠﯿﻢ ﺷﻤﺎل اﺳﺘﺎن ﺗﻬﺮان ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺮژي ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ) 24/7درﺻﺪ( ﻣﯽﺷﻮد و ﺑﺮﻋﮑﺲ در اﻗﻠﯿﻢ ﺗﻬﺮان ﻣﺮﮐﺰي ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﺼﺮف اﻧﺮژي ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان )13/7 درﺻﺪ( ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد.

Atriums in malls as a passive solar system can additionally on lighting, reduce the consumption of lighting and artificial ventilation systems. However, at present, due to the lack of suitable materials or lack of climatic information with the required formats of energy simulation software, all research conducted in different cities of Tehran Province have been carried out only with meteorological data of Mehrabad airport, which has sometimes led to erroneous results. This study was conducted to study the effect of materials in reducing energy consumption in commercial centers in the north and center of Tehran Province using Design Builder software and took steps in solving the issue by modifying climate information in the study area. The general method of this research was simulation with a case study approach and in terms of application type. The results of this study was in complete contrast to previous research which had expected the reduction of energy consumption in buildings by increasing the thermal resistance of materials. The present research findings based on atrium commercial centers (chain stores) in the north and center of Tehran and corrected meteorological data in the micro-climate of the study area showed that heating resulting from the internal equipment of chain stores led to completely different results from previous research. Thus, increasing the thermal resistance of materials in the northern climate of Tehran Province reduced energy consumption by 24.7% and in the central Tehran climate increased energy consumption by 13.7%.