كليدواژه :
تصفيه‌خانه فاضلاب , تركيبات دارويي , استخراج , HPLC
چكيده فارسي :
اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﭘﯿﻮﺳﺘﻪ آﻻﯾﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﻧﻮﻇﻬﻮر ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﯿﻂﻫﺎي آﺑﯽ، ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻀﻠﯽ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﻃﻮﻻﻧﯽ ﻣﺪت داروﻫﺎي )آﻻ ﯾﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﻧﻮﻇﻬﻮر( ﺗﺨﻠﯿﻪ ﺷﺪه در ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﺣﺘﯽ در ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﮐﻢ، ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ از ﻟﺤﺎظ زﯾﺴﺖﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎي ﺑﺴﯿﺎري را در ﭘﯽدارد. ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺗﺠﻬﯿﺰات آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ و ﻧﯿﺰ روشﻫ ﺎي آزﻣﻮن، ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ اﯾﻦ داروﻫﺎ را ﺑﺎ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﮐﻢ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂزﯾﺴﺖ اﻣﮑﺎنﭘﺬﯾﺮ ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر در ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﭘﯿﺶ رو ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﯿﮑﺮوآﻻﯾﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﻣﻌﻤﻮل و ﭘﺮاﺳﺘﻔﺎده دﯾﮑﻠﻮﻓﻨﺎك، اﯾﺒﻮﭘﺮوﻓﻦ، ﻧﺎﭘﺮوﮐﺴﻦ و ﺳﺒﮑﺲ 1و ﻣﯿﺰان ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﯾﻦ داروﻫﺎ در ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﺼﻔﯿﻪﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺎن ﺗﻬﺮان )WP1-12( در دو دوره ﯾﮏﺳﺎﻟﻪ از ﻣﺮداد 1394ﻟﻐﺎﯾﺖ ﻣﺮداد 1395و ﺳﭙﺲ ﻣﺮداد 1398ﻟﻐﺎﯾﺖ ﻣﺮداد 1399آزﻣﺎﯾﺶﻫﺎي ﻻزم اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖ ﮐﻤﯽ 2ﺑﺮاي دﯾﮑﻠﻮﻓﻨﺎك ، اﯾﺒﻮﭘﺮوﻓﻦ، ﻧﺎﭘﺮوﮐﺴﻦ و ﺳﺒﮑﺲ ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در ﻣﺤﺪوده ﺑﯿﻦ 0/001 ﺗﺎ 37، ﺑﯿﻦ 0/005 ﺗﺎ 52، ﺑﯿﻦ 0/001ﺗﺎ 45و ﺑﯿﻦ 0/005ﺗﺎ 48ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش HPLCﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﻣﻘﺪار ﺑﺎﻗﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﺪه ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ اﯾﻦ داروﻫﺎ در ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﺗﺼﻔﯿﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ) WP1-12( ﺑﯿﻦ 46 اﻟﯽ 2درﺻﺪ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺣﺬف ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ 57/7 درﺻﺪ را ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺑﺮاي ﺗﯿﺮﻣﺎه و ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺣﺬف ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ اﺳﻔﻨﺪﻣﺎه اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ در ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﺗﺼﻔﯿﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻮردﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، درﺻﺪ ﺣﺬف اﯾﺒﻮﭘﺮوﻓﻦ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﺳﺒﮑﺲ و درﺻﺪ ﺣﺬف دﯾﮑﻠﻮﻓﻨﺎك از ﻫﻤﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ و درﺻﺪ ﺣﺬف ﻧﺎﭘﺮوﮐﺴﻦ از ﻫﻤﻪ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ . ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞﻫﺎي آﻣﺎري ﻧﺸﺎن از ﻋﺪمﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﯿﻦ ﻓﺼﻞﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ و ﻣﻘﺪار اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻦ آﻻﯾﻨﺪه ﻫﺎ دارد .
چكيده لاتين :
The continuous release of emerging pollutants into aquatic environments has become a global problem. The long-term stability of drugs (emerging contaminants) discharged into wastewater, even in small quantities, is one of the many environmental consequences. Improvements in laboratory analysis equipment as well as test methods have made it possible to identify these drugs at low concentrations in the environment. For this purpose, in the current study on the size of diclofenac, Ibuprofen, Naproxen and Selex (Celecoxib) and the rate of reduction of these drugs in the treatment plant system of Tehran Province (WP1-12) in two “one-year” periods from August 2015 to August 2016 and August 2017 to August 2018, HPLC tests were performed. Limit of Quality (LOQ) for diclofenac, ibuprofen, naproxen and Selex were in the range between 0.001 to 37, 0.005 to 52, 0.001 to 45 and 0.005 and 48 micrograms, respectively. The average residual amount of these drugs in all refineries (WP1-12) was between 46 to 2%, showing an average elimination of 57.7%, with the highest amount in July and the highest removal in March. In addition, in all studied treatment plants, the removal percentage of ibuprofen was higher than Selex, the removal percentage of diclofenac was the highest and the removal percentage of naproxen was the lowest of all. Statistical analyses showed that there is no significant correlation between different seasons and the measured amount for these pollutants.
