استخراج و شناسائي گاليك اسيد و پروتوكاتكوئيك اسيد از عصاره ميوه گياه سماق وتهيه مشتق سيليله اين تركيبات درجهت افزايش خصلت ليپوفيلي و اثر داروئي آنها

Extraction and identification of Gallic acid and Protocatechuic acid from fruit juices of Rhus coriaria and preparation silyl derivatives of these compounds to increase their lipophilic nature and drug effectiveness

اهداف: دراين كار پژوهشي هدف استخراج، جداسازي، خالص سازي، شناسايي و تعيين درصد دو تركيب طبيعي پروتوكاتكوئيك اسيد و گاليك اسيد با راندمان بالا از گياه سماق مي باشد بعلت اينكه خواص ضدميكروبي، ضدويروسي، ضدقارچ، ضد ديابت، ضدحشره و انگل و آنتي اكسيداني خوبي از خود نشان مي دهند. در ادامه جهت افزايش اثرپذيري داروئي اين تركيبات مشتقات سيليله آنها تهيه شد. مواد و روش ها: در اين تحقيق گياه سماق ازدرختان منطقه نقده، از درختان منطقه جنگلهاي ارس باران و از درختان منطقه روستاي شيتنه جمع آوري، در سايه خشك و آسياب گرديدپس از عصاره گيري، براي شناسائي دو تركيب مهم و مشتقات سيليل دارآنها از روشهاي FT-IR، 1H-NMR،13C-NMR ، GC-Mass، DSC، XRD و HPLC استفاده شد يافته ها: با توجه به انجام آزمايشهاي متعدد، نتيجه گيري مي شود كه نمونه ميوه گياه سماق ايراني منطقه ارسباران داراي بيشترين مقادير گاليك اسيد(99/2 درصد) و پروتوكاتكوئيك اسيد(902/2 درصد) مي باشد. همچنين نتيجه مي­گيريم كه نوع خاك و محل رويش يك جنس در مواد موثره و طعم و رنگ آن كاملا تاثير دارد. با سيليل داركردن اين تركيبات خصلت ليپوفيلي بشدت افزايش مي يابد. نتيجه گيري: در اين كار پژوهشي دو تركيب طبيعي با راندمان بالا از نمونه هاي گياه سماق استخراج شد. در ادامه با توجه به خواص دارويي آنها، مشتقات سيليله تهيه و ساختار آنها با روشهاي طيف سنجي مورد شناسائي قرار گرفتند. با اين روش ميزان نفوذپذيري آنها از غشا سلولي به سهولت انجام مي گيرد و اثر داروئي به ميزان زيادي افزايش مي يابد.

Aims: The aim of this study was to extract, isolate, purify, identify and determine the percentage of two natural combinations of protocatechoic acid and gallic acid from Sumac with high efficiency. These compounds exhibit good antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal, anti-diabetic, anti-insect and parasitic and antioxidant properties. Materials & Methods: In this research, the Rhus coriaria plant from the trees of the Naghadeh area in East Azarbaijan province, from the trees of the Aras Baran forests in the East Azarbaijan province and from the trees of the Shitaneh region in the Kurdistan region of Iraq was collected. To compare the percentage of their effective ingredients, first in the shadow, they were dried and ground. In this research, Methanolic and water-methanolic extractive were first extracted from three sample of Iranian and Iraqi Rhus coriaria plant by maceration method. Due to the large variety of extractive compounds from Rhus coriria plant extract, we use column chromatography, preparative chromatography, thin layer chromatography and crystallization to identify and purify its two major compounds, Gallic and Protocatechuic acid, and the two compounds were finally isolated as white powder. To identify them, we use FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, GCMass, DSC and XRD methods. In addition, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the percentage of gallic and protouchetic acid as the main antioxidants. Subsequently, to enhance the lipophilic properties of these compounds, their silyl derivatives were prepared. Result and discussion: According to numerous experiments, it can be concluded that the sample of Iranian Sumac fruits in Arasbaran region has the highest amounts of gallic acid (2.99%) and protocatechoic acid (2.902%). We also conclude that the type of soil and the location of growth of a genus are quite influential in its active ingredients, taste and color. By silylation of these compounds, the lipophilic properties increase sharply, that is, they pass easily through the cell membrane and increase their pharmacological effect. Conclusion: In this work, two natural compounds of high efficiency protocatechoic acid and gallic acid were extracted, isolated, purified, identified and their percentage was determined by HPLC. Subsequently, according to the pharmacological, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antioxidant properties of these compounds, tert-butyldimethylsilyl, dimethylphenylsilyl, and triethylsilyl derivatives were prepared and their structure was identified by spectroscopic methods. In this way, the permeability of the cell membrane is easily done and the pharmacological effect is greatly increased.