مروري بر روش‌هاي تبديل ته‌مانده‌ي سنگين برج تقطير در خلأ به مواد سودمند

A Review of the Upgrading Methods for Heavy Vacuum Distillation Residue (Vacuum Residue) into Useful Materials

ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺳﻮﺧﺖﻫﺎي ﻓﺴﯿﻠﯽ، اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﻪﻣﺎﻧﺪهي ﺑﺮج ﺗﻘﻄﯿﺮ در ﺧﻸ، ﺑﻪﺟﺎﻣﺎﻧﺪه از ﻓﺮآوردهﻫﺎي ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ ﻧﻔﺘﯽ، ﻣﺸﮑﻠﯽ ﺑﺰرگ در ﺻﻨﺎﯾﻊ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎر ﻣﯽرود ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ اﻣﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﯿﺶازﭘﯿﺶ ﻣﺤﻘﻘﯿﻦ ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ اﯾﻦ ﺑﺮشﻫﺎي ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﺑﺎارزشﺗﺮ و ﺳﻮدﻣﻨﺪﺗﺮ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﻣﺮوزه اﻧﻮاع روشﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ، ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ و اﺧﯿﺮا روش ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ، ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان روﺷﯽ ارزان و زﯾﺴﺖ ﺳﺎزﮔﺎر، ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺳﺒﮏ ﺳﺎزي ﺗﻪﻣﺎﻧﺪهي ﺑﺮج ﺗﻘﻄﯿﺮ در ﺧﻸ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪ. ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪي ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻣﺮوري اﺳﺖ ﺑﺮ اﻧﻮاع روشﻫﺎي راﯾﺞ ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ارﺗﻘﺎء و ﺳﺒﮏﺳﺎزي ﺗﻪﻣﺎﻧﺪهي ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ ﺑﺮج ﺗﻘﻄﯿﺮ در ﺧﻸ.

Due to the reduction of fossil fuels resources the increase in the vacuum distillation residues which is left by the heavy petroleum products is a major problem in the oil industry, which has led researchers to pay more attentions to the turning of these heavy cuts into more valuable and useful products. Today, a variety of physical, chemical and, more recently, biological methods, as a cheap and bio-compatible method, are used to lighten the vacuum distillation tower residues. The present article is an overview of the various common methods for upgrading and lightening the heavy residue of the vacuum distillation tower.