بهينه‌سازي اثر پارامترهاي مختلف بر راكتور واحد FCC با استفاده از شبيه‌سازي به‌وسيله نرم‌افزار Petro-SIM

Optimization of the Effect of Various Parameters on the Reactor of FCC Unit Using Simulation in Petro-SIM Software

واﺣﺪ ﺷﮑﺴﺖ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﯿﺴﺘﯽ ﺑﺴﺘﺮﺳﯿﺎل )FCC( از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪﻫﺎي ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ در ﯾﮏ ﭘﺎﻻﯾﺸﮕﺎه ﺑﻮده ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮشﻫﺎي ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ و ﮐﻢارزش را ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮشﻫﺎي ﺳﺒﮏ و ﭘﺮارزش ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﯽ ﺑﺮ راﮐﺘﻮر واﺣﺪ FCC ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﮔﺬارﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ازﺟﻤﻠﻪ آنﻫﺎ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﺑﻪ دﻣﺎي ﺧﻮراك، دﻣﺎي اﺣﯿﺎﮐﻨﻨﺪه، دﻣﺎي ﻫﻮاي ورودي ﺑﻪ اﺣﯿﺎﮐﻨﻨﺪه، زﻣﺎن ﺗﻤﺎس ﺧﻮراك ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﯿﺴﺖ، ﻓﺸﺎر راﮐﺘﻮر، ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﯿﺴﺖ، ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﯿﺴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮراك، دﺑﯽ ﺟﺮﻣﯽ ﺧﻮراك، دﺑﯽ ﺑﺨﺎر ﻋﺮﯾﺎن ﮐﻨﻨﺪه، دﺑﯽ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﯿﺴﺖ ﺗﺎزه ﺗﺰرﯾﻘﯽ، دﺑﯽ ﻫﻮاي ورودي ﺑﻪ اﺣﯿﺎﮐﻨﻨﺪه و ﻏﯿﺮه اﺷﺎره ﮐﺮد. ﻫﺪف از اﻧﺠﺎم اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮ راﮐﺘﻮر ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﻮده و ﺑﺎ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ارزشاﻓﺰوده واﺣﺪ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻫﺪف و ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ، اﺛﺮ ﻫﺮﯾﮏ از ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي رﺳﯿﺪن ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪاﮐﺜﺮ ارزشاﻓﺰوده ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ راﮐﺘﻮر واﺣﺪ FCC ﻓﺎز 3 ﭘﺎﻻﯾﺸﮕﺎه آﺑﺎدان، اﯾﻦ راﮐﺘﻮر در ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار Petro-SIM ﺷﺒﯿﻪﺳﺎزي ﺷﺪه و ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺎ روش ﭘﻼﮐﺖ ﺑﺮﻣﻦ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﺑﺮاي رﺳﯿﺪن ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪاﮐﺜﺮ ارزشاﻓﺰوده ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪﺳﺎزي ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﭘﻼﮐﺖ ﺑﺮﻣﻦ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ در ﻫﺪف ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﻨﺰﯾﻦ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎﺗﯽ ﻓﺸﺎر راﮐﺘﻮر، دﺑﯽ ﺟﺮﻣﯽ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﯿﺴﺖ ﺗﺰرﯾﻘﯽ ﺗﺎزه، دﻣﺎي ﺑﺎﻻﺑﺮﻧﺪه ﺧﻮراك و درﺻﺪ ﺣﺠﻤﯽ اﮐﺴﯿﮋن ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از اﺣﺘﺮاق ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ را داﺷﺘﻪ و در ﻫﺪف ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ ارزشاﻓﺰوده ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ ﮐﻪ دﻣﺎي ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮﻧﺪه ﺧﻮراك، دﺑﯽ ﺟﺮﻣﯽ ﮐﺎﺗﺎﻟﯿﺴﺖ ﺗﺎزه ﺗﺰرﯾﻖ و ﻓﺸﺎر راﮐﺘﻮر ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ اﺛﺮﮔﺬارﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪﺳﺎزي ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺑﻨﺰﯾﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار kg/h 459 اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ و در دوﻣﯿﻦ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻫﺪف ﻣﯿﺰان ارزشاﻓﺰوده ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان $/h 110 اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ.

The fluidized bed catalytic cracking unit is the most important conversion process in a refinery that converts heavy and low value cuttings to light and more value cuttings. Various parameters effect on FCC reactor include in: feed temperature, regenerator temperature, temperature of air to regenerator, feed time contact with catalyst, reactor pressure, catalyst activity, catalyst per oil ratio, feed mass flow, stripper steam rate, fresh catalyst flow rate, air flow rate to regenerator and else. Subject of this thesis is to understanding of different parameters that effect on FCC reactor and chose profit as subject function and effective parameters as variables, study any of these parameters to reach the maximum profit. In this thesis FCC reactor is simulated based on the FCC unit reactor data of Abadan refinery phase 3 and chose the effective parameter by Plackett-Burman method and optimization to the maximum profit. Also specified by Plackett-Burman method that reactor pressure, fresh catalyst flow, riser temperature and oxygen flue gas volume percent are the most effective respectively and riser temperature, fresh catalyst flow and reactor pressure are the most effective parameters respectively. Furthermore results of optimization demonstrated gasoline production have been increased 459 kg/h and second subject function profit have been increased 110 $/h.