بررسي عوامل مؤثر بر موفقيت كسب‌وكارهاي مهارت آموختگان آموزش‌هاي فني و حرفه‌اي در استان ايلام

Investigating Factors Influencing the Success of Businesses on Vocational Training Skills in Ilam Province

ﻫﺪف اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ ﮐﺴﺐوﮐﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﺎرت آﻣﻮﺧﺘﮕﺎن آﻣﻮزشﻫﺎي ﻓﻨﯽ و ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي در اﺳﺘﺎن اﯾﻼم ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ﮔﺮدآوري دادهﻫﺎ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ ﮐﺴﺐوﮐﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﺎرت آﻣﻮﺧﺘﮕﺎن آﻣﻮزش ﻓﻨﯽ و ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي از ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﺷﺶ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ، ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ، اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ، آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ، ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺘﯽ و ﻧﻬﺎدي و ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪاي و ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﻣﻬﺎرت آﻣﻮﺧﺘﮕﺎن ﻧﻈﺎم آﻣﻮزشﻫﺎي ﻓﻨﯽ و ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي در اﺳﺘﺎن اﯾﻼم ﮐﻪ ﯾﮏ ﮐﺴﺐوﮐﺎر را ﺑﺮاي ﺧﻮد اﯾﺠﺎد ﻧﻤﻮدهاﻧﺪ، ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد 7860 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻮد. ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻓﺮﻣﻮل ﮐﻮﮐﺮان 364 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﺮآورد ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﻃﺒﻘﻪاي ﺑﺎ اﻧﺘﺴﺎب ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺟﻤﻊآوري اﻃﻼﻋﺎت از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﺮ 58 ﮔﻮﯾﻪ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﯿﻒ ﻟﯿﮑﺮت ﺑﻮد؛ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار آﻣﺎري SPSS ﻧﺴﺨﻪ 21 در دو ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ و اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪوﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ 51/2 درﺻﺪ از ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ وﺳﯿﻠﻪ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ وارد ﺷﺪه در ﻣﺪل ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي، ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ و آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ( ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the success of ICT businesses in Ilam province. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of data collection is a descriptive correlation study. In this research, the factors affecting the success of businesses in technical and vocational education skills are studied from the perspective of six factors: managerial, economic, social and cultural, educational, political, institutional, regional and geographical. The statistical population of the study consisted of 7860 people who had developed their own business in Ilam province. The sample size was estimated 364 using Cochran formula. These samples were selected by stratified random sampling with proportional assignment. In this study, a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 58 items in the Likert spectrum was used to collect data. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software in two descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that 51.2% of the dependent variables explained by the three variables included in the model (economic, managerial and educational factors).