تبيين عدالت جنسيتي در فضاهاي شهري مطالعه موردي: فضاي شهري مجموعه خواهر امام رشت

Explaining the Approach of Gender Justice in Urban Spaces Case Study: Urban Space of Imam Rasht Sister Complex

ﻫﺪف اﺻﻠﯽ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ دﻻﯾﻞ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺘﯽ در اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻓﻀﺎي ﭘﯿﺮاﻣﻮن ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺧﻮاﻫﺮ اﻣﺎم رﺿﺎ )ع( ﭘﺲ از اﺟﺮاي ﻃﺮح ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ اﺳﺖ. روش ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، اﻧﺘﻘﺎدي اﺳﺖ، ﺟﻬﺖ اﺟﺮاي ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از روش ﻣﺮدم ﻧﮕﺎري اﻧﺘﻘﺎدي ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ و داده ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺘﯽ و ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻋﻤﯿﻖ ﮔﺮدآوري ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ. ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ داده ﻫﺎ و اراﺋﻪ ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ روﯾﮑﺮد اﻧﺘﻘﺎدي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮔﻔﺘﻤﺎن اﻧﺘﻘﺎدي ﻓﺮﮐﻼف اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ )روش ﮔﻠﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺮﻓﯽ( و ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ اﺷﺒﺎع ﻧﻈﺮي، ﺑﯿﺴﺖ وﭘﻨﺞ ﻧﻔﺮ از ﺑﺎﻧﻮان 20 ﺗﺎ 40 ﺳﺎل ﻣﺤﻠﻪ ﺳﺎﻏﺮﯾﺴﺎزان و ﻣﻄﻬﺮي رﺷﺖ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ و ادراك و ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻒ ﻫﺎي آﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻀﺎي ﺷﻬﺮي ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺧﻮاﻫﺮ اﻣﺎم ﺷﻬﺮ رﺷﺖ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ و ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش" ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮔﻔﺘﻤﺎن اﻧﺘﻘﺎدي" ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ داده ﻫﺎ در ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻒ )آﺷﮑﺎرﺳﺎزي ﮔﺰاره ﻫﺎ و ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﻇﺎﻫﺮي(، ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ )ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ و ﺑﺎﻓﺖ( و ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ )ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ دوﺳﻮﯾﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﻫﺎ و ﮔﻔﺘﻤﺎن( ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ؛ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ و ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ در ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﻓﻀﺎي ﺷﻬﺮي ﻣﺬﮐﻮر دﯾﺪﮔﺎه ﻫﺎ و ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎي ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن از ﻓﻀﺎ دﯾﺪه ﻧﺸﺪه و ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ وﺟﻮد اﻋﻤﺎل ﻗﺪرت ﻫﺎي ﺗﮏ ﺑﻌﺪي ﻣﺮداﻧﻪ در ﺑﺎزﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﻓﻀﺎ، ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎت ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺣﻀﻮر ﺑﺎﻧﻮان و ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺒﺎً ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺘﯽ را در ﺑﺮداﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. واژه ﻫﺎي ﮐﻠﯿﺪي: ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺘﯽ، ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮔﻔﺘﻤﺎن اﻧﺘﻘﺎدي ﻓﺮﮐﻼف، ﻃﺮح ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺣﺮم ﺧﻮاﻫ

The physical changes having taken place after the development of the shrine of Imam Reza's sister in Rasht have led to changes in the types of users and reducing the use of space by women. The main purpose of this study was to detect the reasons for the change and the reduction of gender equality in the space of Sister of Imam Reza in Rasht and changes in that space after the implementation of new development plan. The methodology of this study is critical - quality. In order to reach a proper understanding and explanation, Fairclough's critical discourse analysis approach was used to analyze the data and provide the ultimate theory. Based on qualitative- targeted sampling and theoretical saturation criterion, twenty-five women 20 to 40 years from Saghrysazan and Motahari Rasht district participated in this study and their perception of the urban space of Sister of Imam Rashtwas studied and analyzed. Using "critical discourse analysis" and analyzing the findings, which consists of three levels of description (disclosure statements and the content appearing), interpretation (interaction between the interviewer and texture) and determination (of two strains structures and discourse) can be linked to the analysis of the interviews (bed space) and background (macro structures) and provided the possibility of more radical explanations for researchers. By insisting on consideration of Iran's patriarchal structures in the designing of urban spaces,the results of the study were obtained.