سنجش شاخص هاي برگزيده در روند توسعه شهري سبز در منطقه 22 شهر تهران

Measurement of selected indicators in the Process of Green Urban Development in District 22 of Tehran City

پژوهش ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎﻫﺪف ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺮﮔﺰﯾﺪه در روﻧﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺷﻬﺮي ﺳﺒﺰ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 22 ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان دري ﯾﮏ دوره ﭘﻨﺞ ﺳﺎﻟﻪ 1390 اﻟﯽ 1395 اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ )ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ اي ﮐﻪ از زﻣﺎن ﺷﮑﻞ ﮔﯿﺮي اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻧﻮﭘﺎ و درﺣﺎل ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان درﯾﮏ دوره زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ اﻧﺠﺎم ﻧﭙﺬﯾﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ(، ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ ﻫﺎ، دﯾﺪﮔﺎه ﻫﺎ و ﻧﯿﺰ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮردي در ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﻫﺪف ﻣﺬﮐﻮر؛ ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ ﻣﻌﯿﺎر ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻫﻮا ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻌﯿﺎر ﺑﺮﮔﺰﯾﺪه، ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﺆﺛﺮ در ﺟﻬﺖ ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺷﻬﺮي ﺳﺒﺰ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ و ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ، ﺳﭙﺲ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ از ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎ و اﻣﺘﯿﺎزدﻫﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد آﻧﻬﺎ در ﻃﯽ دوره ﻣﻮردﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ازﻧﻈﺮ ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن در ﺣﻮزه ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺎزي و ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰي ﺷﻬﺮي ﻃﯽ دو ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺠﺰا اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار Expert Choice و ﻣﺎﺗﺮﯾﺲ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﮔﺴﺘﺮده اﮐﺴﻞ اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﻫﻮاي ﭘﺎك ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻌﯿﺎر ﺑﺮﮔﺰﯾﺪه در ﻃﻮل دوره ﻣﻮردﺑﺮرﺳﯽ، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي ﻣﻄﻠﻮب، آﻻﯾﻨﺪه ذرات ﻣﻌﻠﻖ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ از 10 ﻣﯿﮑﺮون )PM10( و آﻻﯾﻨﺪه دي اﮐﺴﯿﺪ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮر )SO2( ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ و آﻻﯾﻨﺪه دي اﮐﺴﯿﺪ ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن )NO2( ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي ﻧﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮب داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ، اﻣﺘﯿﺎز ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎ ﻧﯿﺰ در ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺷﻬﺮ ﺳﺒﺰ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻮردﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ دري دوره ﭘﻨﺞ ﺳﺎﻟﻪ 0/545 ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎرت دﯾﮕﺮ 54/5 درﺻﺪ از ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺷﻬﺮي در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ در اﯾﻦ دوره زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺒﺰ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ و اﯾﻦ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮ آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺷﻬﺮي ﺳﺒﺰ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ در دوره ﭘﻨﺞ ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﻮردﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﯿﻞ ﻫﺎي زﯾﺴﺖ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ آن در وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻗﺮارﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺎ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ اﯾﺪه آل ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً زﯾﺎدي دارد. در اﻧﺘﻬﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﭘﺲ از ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﻘﺎط ﺿﻌﻒ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي و در ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﯾﺰي ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ و ﮐﺎراﺗﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ راﻫﺒﺮدﻫﺎ اراﺋﻪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ.

This study was conducted to assess the selected indicators in the process of green urban development in District 22 of Tehran during a five-year period from 2011 to 2016(A study that has not been conducted for a period of time from this emerging and developing area of Tehran). For this purpose, In addition to the air quality criterion as the preferred criterion, other effective criteria for measuring urban development were identified and clarified based on theories, views and case studies in the context of the above objectives. Data analysis was performed with Expert Choice software and performance evaluation matrix and Excel spreadsheet. The results of this study indicate that the performance of clean air policy as a selected criterion during the period under review, optimal performance, particulate matter smaller than 10 microns (PM10) and sulfur dioxide (SO2), moderate performance and nitrogen dioxide pollutant (NO2) also had poor performance. The functional performance score of the green city in the study area during the five-year period was 0.545, i.e., 54.5% of the changes in urban development in this area in this period has been achieved based on the criteria of the green city and this indicates that green urban development Its significant environmental features are in the middle position and it is relatively far from the ideal point.At the end of the study, after identifying the functional weaknesses, some strategies for optimal and more efficient planning are presented.