خوانش عوامل مؤثر بر ارتقاء نماهاي مسكوني شهر تهران از ديدگاه كنشگران

Reading The Factors Affecting The Promotion of Residential Facades In Tehran from the perspective of activists

ﻧﻤﺎي ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن، ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﺑﺼﺮيِ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮي، دﭼﺎر اﻏﺘﺸﺎش اﺳﺖ، ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ ﻧﺎﺑﺴﺎﻣﺎﻧﯽ و آﻟﻮدﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﺑﺼﺮي در اﻏﻠﺐ اﺑﻨﯿﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان ﻣﺸﻬﻮد اﺳﺖ. ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎنﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻧﻘﺶ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦﮐﻨﻨﺪهاي در ﺷﮑﻞدﻫﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﺷﻬﺮي دارﻧﺪ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ درﺻﺪد اﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺘﯽ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي در ﮐﺎوﺷﯽ ﻣﻮﺷﮑﺎﻓﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮاﻧﺶ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ارﺗﻘﺎء ﻧﻤﺎﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ و ﺑﻪﮐﺎرﮔﯿﺮي اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯽ و ﮐﻤّﯽ ﺑﭙﺮدازد. روش ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده، ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺮاد ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬار ﺑﺮ ﻧﻤﺎي ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎنﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان در ﺑﺎزه زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺳﺎلﻫﺎي 1397 ﺗﺎ 1399 اﺳﺖ. ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روشﻫﺎي ﮐﻤّﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﮐﻠﯿﺪي، دادهﻫﺎي ﮔﺮدآوريﺷﺪه از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، در دو ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ آﻣﺎري ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻒ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ: ﺑﺨﺶ اول- آﻣﺎر ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﮐﻤﯿﺖﻫﺎ و ﻧﻤﻮدارﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪوﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﺑﺨﺶ دوم -آﻣﺎر اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﯽ- ﻣﻔﺮوﺿﻪﻫﺎي؛ ﻧﺮﻣﺎل ﺑﻮدن ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎ، ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻮدن و ﺻﺤﺖ اﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪ. در اداﻣﻪ، دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ2 ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد ﻣﺪلﺳﺎزي ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري3 ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪوﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ و ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ اﺑﻌﺎد اﺳﻨﺎدي، ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ- ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ، ﻓﻨﯽ- ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ، ﻧﻈﺮي، اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي و اﺟﺮاﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ را در ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ ارﺗﻘﺎء ﻧﻤﺎﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان دارﻧﺪ.

The facade of the building, as one of the elements affecting the visual quality of urban spaces, is four disturbances, as visual disturbances and pollution are evident in most buildings in Tehran. Residential buildings with the largest number of decisive roles in shaping the urban landscape. Therefore, the present study intends to study the factors affecting the promotion of residential facades in Tehran with a combination of research method and using qualitative and quantitative tools. The qualitative method used is the analysis of the content of interviews with people influencing the appearance of residential buildings in Tehran in the period from 1397 to 1399. After extracting the research codes, using quantitative methods to measure key factors, the data collected from the research questionnaire were statistically described and analyzed in two parts: Part One - Descriptive Statistics - Quantities and Descriptive Diagrams of Analysis an‎d were analyzed and the second part - inferential statistics - hypotheses; The normality of the variables, the correlation of the variables and the accuracy of the path analysis were evaluated Then, the data were analyzed by factor analysis method with structural equation modeling approach and it was found that the documentary, legal-managerial, social, design, technical-technological, theoretical, economic and executive dimensions have the greatest impact on They are in the process of upgrading residential facades in Tehran.