تحليل ابعاد حقوقي ـ امنيتي عملكرد جمهوري اسلامي ايران در بحران سوريه

The Analysis of Legal-Security Dimensions of the Performance of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Syrian Crisis

زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺤﺮان ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ اﺿﻄﺮاري رﺳﯿﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎت اﯾﺠﺎد اﺻﻄﮑﺎك در ﻣﻮازﯾﻦ ﺣﻘﻮق ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻞ و ﻣﻔﺎد ﻣﻨﺸﻮر را ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ آورد، ﺑﺎزﯾﮕﺮان ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮدﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت و ﺗﻔﺎﺳﯿﺮ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ از ﺑﺤﺮان، ﺗﺤﺖ ﻟﻮاي ﺣﻘﻮق ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ در آن ﻣﯽ ﭘﺮدازﻧﺪ. در دوران ﭘﺴﺎ وﺳﺘﻔﺎﻟﯿﺎﯾﯽ، ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﻗﺪرت و اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﻣﻠﯽ در ﻧﻈﺎم ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻞ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺸﺘﻮاﻧﻪ ﺗﻮان ﻧﻈﺎﻣﯽ، ﺣﻘﯿﻘﺖ ﮐﺘﻤﺎن ﻧﺎﭘﺬﯾﺮ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ؛ ازاﯾﻦ رو وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺣﺎﮐﻢ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻮرﯾﻪ، ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎت ﺗﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﻣﻠﯽ از ﯾﮏ ﻃﺮف و رﻋﺎﯾﺖ ﻫﻨﺠﺎرﻫﺎي ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ را از ﻃﺮف دﯾﮕﺮ ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ. اﻣﺎ ﻣﺴﺄﻟﻪ اي ﮐﻪ ﻣﻄﺮح ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﺟﻤﻬﻮري اﺳﻼﻣﯽ اﯾﺮان در ﺳﻮرﯾﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ اﺑﻌﺎد ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ ـ اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ ﺗﺎ ﭼﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻣﺸﺮوع و ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻣﻮازﯾﻦ ﺣﻘﻮق ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻞ اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ـ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺴﺄﻟﻪ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه ﮐﻪ ﻓﺮﺿﯿﻪ آن ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ، ﺣﻀﻮر ﻧﻈﺎﻣﯿﺎن ﺟﻤﻬﻮري اﺳﻼﻣﯽ اﯾﺮان، اراﺋﻪ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﻣﺴﺘﺸﺎري ﺑﻪ ارﺗﺶ ﺳﻮرﯾﻪ و ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﻫﺪف ﻗﺮاردادن ﻣﻮاﺿﻊ داﻋﺶ در ﺧﺎك ﺳﻮرﯾﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺳﭙﺎه ﭘﺎﺳﺪاران اﻧﻘﻼب اﺳﻼﻣﯽ را ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ دﻋﻮت ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ و دﻓﺎع ﻣﺸﺮوع ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﮐﺮد.

The International actors with different approaches and different interpretations of the crisis, intervene under the banner of international law when the international crisis when it reaches a state of emergency and causes friction in the norms of international law and the provisions of the Charter;. In the post-Westphalian era, the effective role of power and national security in the international system, backed by military might, is the undisputed truth of the international community. Thus, the current situation in Syria has led to a confrontation between the protection of national interests on the one hand and the observance of international legal norms on the other hand. But the question that arises is to what extent the actions of the Islamic Republic of Iran in Syria are legitimate in terms of legal-security dimensions and in accordance with the standards of international law. In this article, using a descriptive-analytical method, this issue is analyzed, which shows its hypothesis; The presence of the military of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the provision of advisory services to the Syrian army, as well as the targeting of ISIS positions on Syrian territory by the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, can be explained in the form of calls for the intervention and legitimate defense.