امنيت‌‌زايي در پرتو مديريت منازعه عربستان سعودي و جمهوري اسلامي ايران

Creating Security in the Light of Managing the Conflict between Saudi Arabia and the Islamic Republic of Iran

اﯾﺮان و ﻋﺮﺑﺴﺘﺎن ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎت اﯾﺪﺋﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ و ژﺋﻮﭘﻠﯿﺘﯿﮑﯽ، ﻫﻤﻮاره دو ﮐﺸﻮر ﻣﻬﻢ و ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﮔـﺬار در ﻋﺮﺻـﻪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ اي ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎر ﻣﯽ روﻧﺪ. در اﯾﻦ روﻧﺪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎت دو ﮐﺸﻮر ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺎرض اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ و ﻧﻘﺸﯽ ﮐﻪ در ﺗﺤـﻮﻻت ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ اي دارﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﯽ ﭘﯿﭽﯿﺪه و ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﺑﺮاﻧﮕﯿﺰ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﻣﺘﻘﺎرن ﺑﻮدن ﺣﻮزه ﻫﺎي ﻧﻔـﻮذ و اﺻﻄﮑﺎك اﯾﺪﺋﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ و ﻧﯿﺰ ﭘﯿﻮﺳﺖ ﻫﺎي ژﺋﻮﭘﻠﯿﺘﯿﮑﯽ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﮐﺴﺐ ﻗـﺪرت و ﺗﺜﺒﯿـﺖ ﻫﮋﻣـﻮﻧﯽ، ﻫﻤـﻮاره ﺳـﻄﺢ ﭘﯿﻮﺳﺘﻪ اي از ﺗﻨﺶ را ﺑﻪ وﺟﻮد آورده اﻧﺪ. اﯾﺮان و ﻋﺮﺑﺴﺘﺎن ﻋﻠﯽ رﻏﻢ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻫﻤﮕﺮاﯾـﯽ ﻓـﺮاوان، و در ﻧﺘﯿﺠـﻪ ي درك ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪآﻣﯿﺰ از دﯾﮕﺮي، اﻓﻖ رواﺑﻂ را در ﯾﮏ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺳﯿﻨﻮﺳﯽ ﻧﮕﺎه داﺷـﺘﻪ اﻧـﺪ. اﯾـﻦ ﭘـﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑـﺎ ﻣﻔـﺮوض ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ رواﺑﻂ ﭘﺮﺗﻨﺶ اﯾﺮان و ﻋﺮﺑﺴﺘﺎن ﺳﻌﻮدي ﺑﻪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻣﻨﺎزﻋﻪ ﻣﯽ ﭘـﺮدازد ﮐـﻪ ﻋﻤـﺪﺗﺎً ﺑـﺮ ﮐـﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰ دارد. ﭘﺮﺳﺶ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﻣﻨﺎزﻋﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد را ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ و ﯾﺎ ﺣﻞ و ﻓﺼـﻞ ﮐﺮد؟ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻧﻮع ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻨﯽ، ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ روش ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﻮع داده ﻫﺎ، ﮐﯿﻔـﯽ و ﺷﯿﻮه ﮔﺮدآوري داده ﻫﺎ ﻧﯿﺰ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧـﻪ اي، اﺳـﻨﺎدي ﺑـﻮده و روش ﺗﺠﺰﯾـﻪ وﺗﺤﻠﯿـﻞ اﻃﻼﻋـﺎت ﻧﯿـﺰ ﺗﺤﻠﯿـﻞ ﻣﺤﺘـﻮا ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ، ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻌﺎرض و ﺗﺨﺎﺻﻢ ﻓﯽ ﻣﺎﺑﯿﻦ، ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از روﯾﮑﺮد ﻫﺎي داﻣﻨﻪ دار اﯾـﺪﺋﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ و ژﺋﻮﭘﻠﺘﯿﮏ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ اي اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪاﯾﺖ ﭘﺮوﻧﺪ ه ﻫﺎي راﻫﺒﺮدي دوﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺪار واﻗﻌﯿـﺖ ﻫـﺎي ﻫﻨﺠـﺎري و اﺷـﺘﺮاﮐﺎت اﺳﻼﻣﯽ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ را ﺑﺮاي ﻫﻤﮕﺮاﯾﯽ در ﭼﺸﻢ اﻧﺪاز ﮐﻼن ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ.

Iran and Saudi Arabia, due to their ideological and geopolitical coordinates, have always been two important and influential countries in the region. In this process, the relations between the two countries have become a complex and challenging issue due to the security conflict and their role in regional developments. Due to the symmetry of spheres of influence and ideological friction, as well as geopolitical affiliations based on the acquisition of power and the consolidation of hegemony, they have always created a continuous level of tension. Iran and Saudi Arabia have kept the horizon of relations in a sinusoidal state, despite many areas of convergence, and as a result of a threatening understanding of the other. Assuming the tense relations between Iran and Saudi Arabia, this study deals with how to manage the conflict, which mainly focuses on reducing tensions. The question of this research is how can the existing conflict be managed or resolved? In terms of research type, this research is descriptive-explanatory, in terms of methodology based on data type, quality and method of data is a library, and the method of data analysis is content analysis. The results show that the conflict between them is due to the wide range of ideological and geopolitical approaches in the region. Conducting bilateral strategic cases based on normative realities and Islamic commonalities provides the basis for convergence in the macro perspective.