بررسي تاثيرگذاري مديريت يكپارچه زنجيره تأمين الكترونيكي كالا از طريق متغيرهاي تعديل‌گر مديريت ريسك زنجيره تامين و مزيت رقابتي بر عملكرد سازماني

The effects of supply chain integrity management, supply chain risk management, and competitive advantages on the performance of companies: A case study of the National South Oilfields Company of Iran

توجه به عملكرد سازماني و راهكارهاي بهبود آن همواره از دغدغه­هاي مديران بوده است. مديران سعي بر اين داشته­اند كه براي بهبود عملكرد سازماني از ابزارهايي كه در اختيار دارند به نحو احسن بهره بگيرند. هدف اصلي اين تحقيق بررسي تاثيرگذاري مديريت يكپارچگي زنجيره تامين الكترونيكي از طريق متغيرهاي تعديل‌گر، مديريت ريسك زنجيره تامين و مزيت رقابتي بر عملكرد شركت ملي مناطق نفت‌خيز جنوب است. تحقيق حاضر بر اساس هدف از نوع كاربردي و بر اساس ماهيت و نحوه گردآوري داده‌ها از نوع توصيفي - همبستگي است. جامعه مورد مطالعه اين تحقيق كليه كاركنان شركت ملي مناطق نفت‌خيز جنوب بوده كه بر اساس روش چو-بنتلر يك نمونه متشكل از 793 نفري از آنها انتخاب گرديد. ابزار گرد­آوري داده‌ها پرسشنامه بود، اين پرسشنامه مبتني بر 83 گويه بوده است كه پايايي آن با استفاده از معيار آلفاي كرونباخ، پايايي مركب و بارهاي عاملي تاييد گرديد و روايي آن نيز از طريق سه روش روايي محتوي، روايي همگرا و روايي افتراقي با استفاده از روش حداقل مربعات جزئي تاييد گرديد. داده­ها به روش حداقل مربعات جزئي به كمك نرم افزار اسمارت پي ال اس مورد تجزيه و تحليل قرار گرفت. نتايج به دست آمده نشان داد كه مديريت يكپارچه زنجيره تامين الكترونيكي، مزيت رقابتي و همچنين مديريت ريسك زنجيره تامين مي‌توانند زمينه را براي بهبود عملكرد سازماني مهيا نمايند.

Introduction: One of the persistent and basic questions of the organizational research literature is why some organizations outperform others. The answer can be found in supply chain management. Given the new concepts of supply chain management and similar concepts that result in a higher cooperation and closer relationships between a firm and its suppliers, nowadays, suppliers and clients are no longer considered as competitors of the organization, but rather as members of a larger groups known as supply chain. Each member in the chain aims at maximizing the profitability and improving the total performance of the chain (Perez-Franco et al., 2016). Hatamifar et al. (2017) surveyed the effectiveness of integrated supply chains in hotels to achieve competitive advantages. The three factors of internal integrity, product integrity and customer integrity had positive functions. Santajo Mandal et al. (2017) surveyed the role of the capabilities and integrity of supply chains in the improvement of their flexibility. The risks and uncertainty of a supply chain have become important and interesting subjects for research over the past few years. Supply chain risk is a potential incident that might prevent the normal flow of materials and information within the chain. It is, therefore, a disruption in the function of the supply chain. The main feature of a supply chain is connectivity of its members so that the risk of one member can be transmitted to other members. When one supplier declares bankruptcy, for instance, not only its business but also all the other members of the supply chain are affected. Methodology: A questionnaire was used for data gathering, and the collected data were analyzed based on partial least squares. Given that the structural equation model was used for the data analysis, the sample group size was determined based on the relevance between the number of the statements and respondents. The relevance was obtained based on the relationship 5 < A < 15. Taking into account that the questionnaire comprised of 83 statements, the sample group size was found to be 793, i.e. nine participants for each statement. A pilot study was also conducted with 20 participants based on which the reliability of the questionnaire was determined using Cronbach’s alpha. The structure of the questionnaire is presented in Table 1. To test the research model, a structural equations model was used based on the partial least square approach. Before interpreting the model, we needed to make sure that the model suited our objectives and its results would be reliable by confirming it generally in terms of measurement and structure. Therefore, Cronbach’s alpha, composite reliability, and convergent validity were used (Table 2). By making sure about the suitability of the measurement model, the reliability of the structural model was examined using cv.red and cv.com.