مطالعه اثرات باد بر ايمني نشست و برخاست هواپيما

Study of the Effects of Wind on Aircraft Landing and Take-off Safety

ﭘﺪﯾﺪهﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺟﻮي، ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اﺻﻠﯽ و ﯾﺎ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ در ﺑﺴﯿﺎري از ﺳﻮاﻧﺢ ﻫﻮاﻧﻮردي اﺳﺖ. ﭘﺪﯾﺪهﻫﺎي آب و ﻫﻮاﯾﯽ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﯽ از ﻗﺒﯿﻞ دﻣﺎ، ﻣﯿﺪان دﯾﺪ، ﻫﻮاي ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، اﺑﺮﻫﺎ، ﻓﺸﺎر و ﺑﺎد ﺑﺮ اﯾﻤﻨﯽ ﻫﻮاﻧﻮردي ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬار ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. از ﻣﯿﺎن اﯾﻦ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ، وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺑﺎد در ﺳﻄﺢ زﻣﯿﻦ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ را ﺑﺮ ﭘﺮواز و اﯾﻤﻨﯽ ﻫﻮاﭘﯿﻤﺎ و ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻋﻤﺪه در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﮥ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ و ﺑﺮﺧﺎﺳﺖ دارد. ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺎس، در ﻣﻘﺎﻟﮥ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ اﺛﺮات ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﺑﺎد ﺑﺮ اﯾﻤﻨﯽ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ و ﺑﺮﺧﺎﺳﺖ ﻫﻮاﭘﯿﻤﺎ در ﺑﺎﻧﺪ ﻓﺮودﮔﺎه ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ وﺿﻌﯿﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺎد ﺑﺮ ﭘﺮواز ﻫﻮاﭘﯿﻤﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎد ﺟﺎﻧﺒﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬارﺗﺮﯾﻦ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺑﺎد ﻣﻄﺮح اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﯽ و ﻟﺤﻈﻪاي ﺑﺎد ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﻮاﭘﯿﻤﺎ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺮه آﻣﯿﺰ ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﺷﺪه و ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ از دﺳﺖ رﻓﺘﻦ ﺗﻮازن و ﺗﻌﺎدل ﻫﻮاﭘﯿﻤﺎ در ﺣﯿﻦ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ و ﺑﺮﺧﺎﺳﺖ ﺷﻮد.

Various atmospheric phenomena are the main factor or at least a contributing factor in many aviation accidents. Various weather phenomena such as air temperature, visibility, present weather, clouds, pressure, wind affect aviation safety. Among these elements, the wind condition has the greatest impact on flight safety and mainly, in the landing and take-off stage. Accordingly, in this paper, the effects of wind elements on landing and take-off safety are studied. Examining the impact of different wind conditions on aircraft flight shows that the Crosswind is considered to be the most influential wind situation. Also, sudden and momentary changes in the wind can be dangerous for aircraft during landing and takeoff.