پديد آورندگان :
تازيكه لمسكي، آتنا دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد گرگان - گروه مهندسي برق، گرگان، ايران , ابراهيمي، رضا دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد گرگان - گروه مهندسي برق، گرگان، ايران , ذكريا زاده، عليرضا دانشگاه علم و فناوري مازندران - دانشكده مهندسي برق و كامپيوتر، بهشهر، ايران
كليدواژه :
تجميع‌كننده‌ي خودروهاي الكتريكي , مديريت شارژ و دشارژ , قيمت گذاري TOU , بازار انرژي
چكيده فارسي :
در اين مقاله، راهكاري جديد جهت خودبرنامه‌ريزي شارژ و دشارژ تجميع‌كننده‌ي خصوصي خودروهاي الكتريكي باهدف افزايش سودآوري آن‌ها در شبكه توزيع ارائه‌شده است. با توجه به مالكيت خصوصي تجميع كننده، بديهي است كه تنها عامل مؤثر در برنامه‌ريزي، كاهش هزينه و يا افزايش سود بوده كه درنتيجه اثر آن بر شاخص‌هاي شبكه همچون تلفات و پروفيل ولتاژ نامشخص و يا منفي مي‌باشد. جهت حل اين مسئله، يك مدل قيمت‌گذاري تجاري بر اساس پاسخگويي بار زمان استفاده (TOU) توسط بهره‌بردار شبكه توزيع (DSO) ارائه‌شده كه درنتيجه تجميع كننده به‌گونه‌اي براي شارژ و دشارژ خودروها برنامه‌ريزي مي‌كند تا ضمن سودآوري خود، بتواند شاخص‌هايي همچون تلفات و پروفيل ولتاژ شبكه را نيز بهبود بخشد. جهت در نظر گرفتن عدم قطعيت رفتار رانندگان خودروها و مدل كردن پارامترهاي احتمالي مربوط به آن، از توابع چگالي احتمال استفاده‌شده است. در پايان، رويكرد پيشنهادي بر يك شبكه 33 شينه نمونه توسط الگوريتم بهينه‌سازي ژنتيك با در نظر گرفتن يك تجميع‌كننده‌ي خصوصي به اجرا درآمده است. نتايج شبيه‌سازي نشان داده كه روش پيشنهادي علاوه بر حداكثر‌سازي سود تجميع‌كننده، منجر به هموار كردن منحني بار شبكه شده كه كاهش تلفات و بهبود ولتاژ مشتركين را به دنبال دارد.
چكيده لاتين :
In recent years, the issue of air pollution caused by greenhouse gas emissions and rising energy prices
have contributed to developing and increasing the number of electric vehicles. Despite the many
advantages of these vehicles, their increasing number and consequently their simultaneous charging
in the distribution network can have destructive effects such as increased peak load, increased losses,
unauthorized voltage drop, etc. On the other hand, managing the charging of vehicles by aggregators
and using them as flexible loads and, if there is vehicle-to-grid (V2G) capability, as distributed
generation units distributed across the distribution network can bring many financial and technical
opportunities for the network. Accordingly, managing and planning the charging and discharging of
these vehicles from the view point of network operators, aggregators, or vehicle owners in a
centralized and decentralized manner are among the interesting topics that many articles have dealt
with so far. This paper presents, a new solution for self-scheduling the charging and discharging of
the private aggregator of electric vehicles to increase their profitability in the distribution network.
Given the private ownership of the aggregator, it is obvious that the only factor influencing planning
is cost reduction or profit enhancement, so its effect is unknown and/or negative on network
indicators such as losses and voltage profiles. To solve this problem, a Time of Use (TOU) pricing
model has been proposed by the Distribution Network Operator (DSO), so the aggregator plans to
charge and discharge vehicles so that it can improve indicators such as losses and voltage profiles of
the network in addition to be profitable. Density functions might have been used to include the
uncertainty of vehicle drivers' behavior and to model the possible parameters related to him/her.
Finally, the proposed approach is applied to a 33-bus test network by a genetic optimization
algorithm using a private aggregator. The simulation results show that, in addition to maximizing the
aggregator gain, the proposed method smoothes the network load curve, which reduces losses and
improves voltage profile. It seems that in the probabilistic environment of vehicle behavior, the
combination of TOU in private aggregator planning, which has led to an increase in their profits and
at the same time in terms of the use of improved technical indicators, has not been studied yet.
