بررسي احساس امنيت اجتماعي وعوامل موثربرآن درشهراهواز )موردمطالعه: دانشجويان دانشگاه آزاداسلامي واحد اهواز (

Sense of Social Security and Factors Affecting it in Ahvaz City

ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ اﻣﻨﯿﺖ اﻧﺴﺎن و ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ از اﺑﺘﺪاي ﺧﻠﻘﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺰﻟﻪ ﯾﮏ ﺿﺮورت ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻘﺎ ﻣﻄﺮح ﺑﻮده اﺳـﺖ و اﻣﺮوزه ﺑﻪ ﻣﺜﺎﺑﻪ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. اﺣﺴﺎس اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﭘﯿﺶ ﻧﯿﺎز ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧـﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ و ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد و ﺑﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ در ارﺗﺒﺎط اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ در ﺳﺎل 1398 ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺣﺴﺎس اﻣﻨﯿﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﻋﻮاﻣـﻞ ﻣـﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑـ ﺎ آن اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. اﺣﺴﺎس اﻣﻨﯿﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ در ﺳﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ اﺣﺴﺎس اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﺟﺎﻧﯽ، ﻣـﺎﻟ ﯽ و اﺧﻼﻗﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳـﺖ . اﯾـ ﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿـ ﻖ ﺑـﻪ روش ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸـ ﯽ و ﺑـ ﺎ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﮑﻨﯿـ ﮏ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ .ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﮐﻠﯿـ ﻪ داﻧﺸـﺠﻮ ﯾﺎن داﻧﺸـﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳـﻼﻣ ﯽ واﺣـﺪ اﻫﻮاز اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧـﻪ ﺑـ ﺎ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده از ﻓﺮﻣـﻮل ﮐـﻮﮐﺮان 242 ﻧﻔـﺮ ﻣﺤﺎﺳـﺒﻪ ﺷـﺪه اﺳـﺖ . ﺷـ ﯿﻮه ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ اي ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻮد. اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮم اﻓـﺰار spss ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪه و ﻓﺮﺿﯿﺎت ﻣﻮرد آزﻣﻮن ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان اﺣﺴﺎس اﻣﻨﯿﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ در ﺑﯿﻦ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن در ﺣﺪ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ . ﺑﺮاﺳـﺎس ﺿـﺮ ﯾﺐ ﻫﻤﺒﺴـﺘﮕ ﯽ ﭘﯿﺮﺳﻮن اﺣﺴﺎس اﻣﻨﯿﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺸـﺎرﮐﺖ ، ﻧﻈـﻢ ، رواﺑـﻂ ، ﻫﻮﯾـﺖ و ﮐﻨﺘـﺮل اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋ ﯽ داراي ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ و ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﺑـﻮد ه وﻟـ ﯽ اﺣﺴـﺎس اﻣﻨﯿـ ﺖ اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋ ﯽ ﺑﺮاﺳـﺎس ﺟﻨﺴـ ﯿﺖ و ﻗﻮﻣﯿﺖ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﻧﺒﻮده اﺳﺖ.

For human beings and their societies security has been a vital issue since the beginning of creation. Today, security is recognized an important criteria of development. Sense of security is a prerequisite for cultural, social, economic and political development of societies. This survey was done in 1398 aiming to discover sense of social security and factors affecting it. Three dimensions of security including life, financial and ethical securities were considered carefully. The statistical population consisted of 242 students of Ahvaz Islamic Azad University whom were chosen by Cochran's formula. The random sampling was in accordance with the sample size. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software and the hypotheses were tested. The results showed that students averagely feel secure. According to Pearson correlation coefficient, the sense of social security was in a meaningful correlation with participation, order, relations and social control. However, gender and ethnicity had no significant correlation.