كليدواژه :
نيروي انتظامي , بحرانهاي طبيعي , پيشگيري از جرايم , پيشگيري وضعي
چكيده فارسي :
ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي وﺿﻌﯽ، ﻧﻮﻋﯽ از ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي ﻏﯿﺮﮐﯿﻔﺮي ﯾﺎ ﮐﻨﺸﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ و ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖ، زﻣﺎن و ﻣﮑﺎن وﻗﻮع ﺟﺮم دارد؛ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪاي ﮐﻪ ارﺗﮑﺎب ﺟﺮم ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺰﻫﮑﺎر ﺳﺨﺖﺗﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﯾﺎ ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ارﺗﮑﺎب ﺟﺮم از وي ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد و ﯾﺎ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ و دﺳﺘﮕﯿﺮي وي را اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ. در واﻗﻊ ﺣﻮزه ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد در ﺑﺤﺮان ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫـﺎي اﻧﺘﻈﺎﻣﯽ، اﻣﺪادي، و ﭘﯿﺸـﮕﯿﺮاﻧﻪ از وﻗـﻮع ﺟـﺮم و ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ و ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ از اﻣﻮال دوﻟﺘﯽ، ﻣﺮدﻣﯽ، ﻫﺪاﯾﺎ و ﺑﺮﻗﺮاري ﻧﻈﻢ و اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﺑﺮاي اراﺋﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻫﺮﭼﻪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺠﺮوﺣﯿﻦ، ﻣﺼﺪوﻣﯿﻦ و ﮐﻤﮏ رﺳﺎﻧﯽ ﻋﺎدﻻﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ آﺳﯿﺐ دﯾـﺪﮔﺎن و... ﺗﻮﺳـﻂ ﻧﯿﺮوﻫﺎي اﻧﺘﻈﺎﻣﯽ در ﺣـﯿﻦ ﺑﺤﺮان و ﺑﻌﺪ از آن اﻃﻼق ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد.
ﺳﻮال اﺻﻠﯽ)ﯾﺎ ﻫﺪف اﺻﻠﯽ(
اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺣﻀﻮر ﻧﯿﺮوي اﻧﺘﻈﺎﻣﯽ در ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي وﺿﻌﯽ از ﺟﺮاﺋﻢ در ﺑﺤﺮانﻫﺎي ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ در ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ.
روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ
اﺑﺰارﮔﺮدآوري دادهﻫﺎ ﯾﮏ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ و اﺑﺰار ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪاي اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰارآﻣﺎري SPSS 24 ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﻪ روش آزﻣﻮن آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ درﺣﻮزه ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي وﺿﻌﯽ 0/78 ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ.
ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﺣﻀﻮر ﻧﯿﺮوي اﻧﺘﻈﺎﻣﯽ در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ آﺳﯿﺐ دﯾﺪه از ﺑﺤﺮانﻫﺎي ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎت و ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ-ﻫﺎي ﺧﺎﺻﯽ ﮐﻪ دارﻧﺪ ﻧﻘﺸﯽ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬار و ﻣﺜﺒﺖ اﺳﺖ، ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﻀﻮر ﻧﯿﺮوي اﻧﺘﻈﺎﻣﯽ در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ درﮔﯿﺮ ﺑﺤﺮان ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺂﺛﯿﺮ را در راﺳﺘﺎي ﺗﺪاﺑﯿﺮ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺧﻄﺮ ارﺗﮑﺎب ﺟﺮم، ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ارﺗﮑﺎب ﺟﺮم، اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ زﺣﻤﺖ ارﺗﮑﺎب ﺟﺮم، ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﺤﺮﯾﮏ ارﺗﮑﺎب ﺟﺮم، ﺣﺬف ﺑﻬﺎﻧﻪ-ﻫﺎي ارﺗﮑﺎب ﺟﺮم را دارﻧﺪ.
چكيده لاتين :
Situational prevention is a type of non-criminal prevention or action that emphasizes the situation and situation, time and place of the crime; In such a way that committing a crime becomes more difficult for the offender, or the opportunity to commit a crime is taken away from him, or the risk of identifying and arresting him increases. In fact, the field of action in crisis is a set of disciplinary, relief, and crime prevention activities and the protection and care of government and public property, gifts, and the establishment of order and security to provide the best possible assistance to the wounded and injured and provide fair assistance to the injured. Eyewitnesses, etc. are referred to by law enforcement during and after the crisis Main question (or main purpose) This article examines the impact of the presence of law enforcement in crime prevention in natural disasters research method Data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire and the data analysis tool of this questionnaire is SPSS 24 statistical software and the reliability of this questionnaire has been confirmed by Cronbach's alpha test in the field of situational prevention of 0.78. Findings: The presence of law enforcement in areas affected by natural disasters is very effective and positive due to their special facilities and capabilities. According to the findings of this study, the presence of law enforcement in areas affected by crisis is the most They have the effect of increasing the risk of committing a crime, reducing the benefits of committing a crime, increasing the inconvenience of committing a crime, reducing incitement to commit a crime, and eliminating excuses for committing a crime.
