رابطۀ بين كيفيت زندگي و هويت ملي با فرهنگ محيط‌زيستي(مورد مطالعه: شهر كرمان)

The Relationship between Quality of Life and National Identity with Environmental Culture: A Case Study in Kerman

ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﮥ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ راﺑﻄﮥ ﺑـﯿﻦ ﮐﯿﻔﯿـﺖ زﻧـﺪﮔﯽ و ﻫﻮﯾـﺖ ﻣﻠـﯽ ﺑـﺎ ﻓﺮﻫﻨـﮓ ﻣﺤﯿﻂزﯾﺴﺘﯽ در ﺷﻬﺮ ﮐﺮﻣﺎن اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. روش ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸـﯽ و اﺑـﺰار ﮔﺮدآوري دادهﻫﺎ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻞ آﻣﺎري اﻓﺮاد 16 ﺳﺎل و ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺷﻬﺮ ﮐﺮﻣﺎن اﺳـﺖ ﮐـﻪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺳﺮﺷﻤﺎري ﺳﺎل 1395 ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑـﺎ 634132 ﻧﻔـﺮ ﺑـﻮد. ﻧﻤﻮﻧـﻪﮔﯿـﺮي ﺑﺮاﺳـﺎس ﻓﺮﻣـﻮل ﮐﻮﮐﺮان اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ و ﭘﺲ از ﮔـﺮدآوري دادهﻫـﺎ، 374 ﭘﺮﺳﺸـﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑـﺎ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده از دو ﻧﺮماﻓـﺰار AMOS SPSS ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد راﺑﻄﮥ ﺑﯿﻦ ﮐﯿﻔﯿـﺖ زﻧـﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﺤـﯿﻂزﯾﺴـﺘﯽ ﭘﺎﺳﺨﮕﻮﯾﺎن ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻣﺤﯿﻂزﯾﺴﺘﯽ )در ده ﺳﺎل ﭘﯿﺶ( )0/05 = r( و در زﻣﺎن ﺣﺎﺿـﺮ )0/24 = r( و ﺑﺎ ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ﻣﻠﯽ در زﻣـﺎن ﺣﺎﺿـﺮ )0/03 = r( و در ده ﺳـﺎل ﭘـﯿﺶ )0/26 = r( ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﭼﻨﺪﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧـﺪﮔﯽ ﺑـﺎ ﻣﻘـﺪار )4/91 = T( و ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري )0/000 = Sig.T( و R ﻣﻘﺪار 0/25 درﺻﺪ از ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات دروﻧﯽ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻣﺤﯿﻂزﯾﺴﺘﯽ در ﺷﻬﺮ ﮐﺮﻣﺎن را ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﮐﺮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﻣﺪل ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﮥ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري )AMOS( ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺿﺮﯾﺐ رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن 0/245 و ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺗﯽ ﺑـﺎ ﻣﻘـﺪار ﺿﺮﯾﺐ رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 0/194- ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﻨـﺎدار داﺷـﺘﻨﺪ. ﻣﯽﺗـﻮان اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎط ﮐﺮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ارﺗﻘﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ اﻓﺮاد، آﮔﺎﻫﯽ، ﻧﮕـﺮش و رﻓﺘﺎرﻫـﺎي ﻣﺤـﯿﻂزﯾﺴـﺘﯽ آنﻫﺎ ارﺗﻘﺎ ﭘﯿﺪا ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ. از ﻃﺮﻓﯽ ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ﻣﻠﯽ اﻓﺮاد درﺑﺎرة ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻣﺤﯿﻂزﯾﺴـﺘﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﻧﺴﻞﻫﺎي ﻗﺒﻞ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از اﻟﺂن ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ و اﯾـﻦ ﻧﮕـﺎه ﻃﺒﯿﻌـﺖدوﺳـﺘﯽ در ﺑـﯿﻦ آنﻫـﺎ در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺴﻞ ﮐﻨﻮﻧﯽ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﺷﺎﯾﺪ ﯾﮑـﯽ از ﻣـﻮاردي ﮐـﻪ ﻫـﻢاﮐﻨـﻮن در ﺗﺨﺮﯾـﺐ ﻣﺤﯿﻂزﯾﺴﺖ ﻧﻘﺶ اﺻﻠﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، ﺗﺴﻠﻂ ﺑﺸﺮ در ﻣﺪرﻧﯿﺘﻪ ﺑـﺮ ﻃﺒﯿﻌـﺖ ﺑـﻪواﺳـﻄﮥ داﻧـﺶ ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮑﯽ و اﺑﺰاري اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺸﺮ ﺑﺮاي ﺛﺮوتاﻧﺪوزي ﺑﺮ آن دﺳﺖ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ.

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between quality of life and national identity with environmental behaviors in Kerman. A questionnaire was used to collect the data of the study. The study method in this research is a survey and the data collection tool is a questionnaire. The statistical population is 16 years and older in the city of Kerman, which according to the 1995 census was equal to 634132 people. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and AMOS software. The results of SPSS analysis show that there was a relationship the relationship between environmental responsibility and environmental quality of respondents with the amount of environmental culture (10 years ago) (r= 0.05) and present time (r=0.24) and with national identity at the present time (r= 0.03) and ten years ago (r= 0.26). The coefficient of determination is = 0/25 of the internal variation of the dependent variable namely the environmental culture in Kerman. The results of the structural equation model (AMOS) show that the quality of life variable has a significant effect on the dependent variable with a regression coefficient of 0.254 and a social economic base with a standard regression coefficient equal to -0.194. It can be inferred that with the improvement of people's quality of life, their awareness, attitudes and environmental behaviors have improved. On the other hand, the national identity of individuals in terms of attention to environmental culture for previous generations has been more than now, and this view of nature-friendliness among them has been more than the current generation. Perhaps one of the things that is currently playing a major role in the destruction of the environment is human domination of nature in modernity through technical knowledge and the tools that human beings have acquired to accumulate wealth.