سنجش وضعيت توزيع و ارتباط منزلت هاي هويت فردي و اجتماعي در ميان دانشجويان دانشگاه هاي تهران

Assessing the status of distribution and relationship of individual and social identity positions among students of Tehran universities

ﻘﺪﻣﻪ: ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺳﻨﺠﺶ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ و ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻣﻨﺰﻟﺖﻫﺎي ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ﻓﺮدي و اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﯽ در ﻣﯿﺎن داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن داﻧﺸﮕﺎهﻫﺎي ﺗﻬﺮان اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. روش: روش اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿـﻖ زﻣﯿﻨـﻪ ﯾـﺎﺑﯽ ﺑـﻮد و ﻧﻤﻮﻧـﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿـﻖ ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ 524 داﻧﺸـﺠﻮ از ﻣﻘـﺎﻃﻊ ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﺗﺎ دﮐﺘﺮاي ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ دﮐﺘﺮاي ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي در رﺷـﺘﻪ ﻫـ ﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠـﻒ ﭘﺰﺷـﮑ ﯽ، ﻓﻨﯽ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ و ﻋﻠﻮم اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﮑﻞ ﺗﺼـﺎدﻓﯽ ﺧﻮﺷـﻪ اي اﻧﺘﺨـﺎب و در داﻧﺸـﮕﺎه ﻫـﺎي ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان در ﺳﺎل 96 – 97 ﻣﺸﻐﻮل ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻞ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. از دو ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ﻓـﺮدي آداﻣـﺰو ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﻮﯾﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ )ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ( ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨـﻮان اﺑـﺰار ﺗﺤﻘﯿـﻖ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده ﺷـﺪ. داده ﻫـﺎ ﺑـﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣﻮن ﮐﺎي اﺳﮑﻮﺋﺮ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪاي )ﮔﺎم ﺑـﻪ ﮔـﺎم ( ﻣـﻮرد ﺗﺤﻠﯿـﻞ ﻗـﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد، ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ﻣﻌﻮق، ﻫﻮﯾﺖ اول داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن )دﺧﺘـﺮ و ﭘﺴـﺮ( داﻧﺸـﮕﺎهﻫـﺎي ﺗﻬﺮان اﺳﺖ. ﻗﻮيﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﻮﯾﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن، ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ﻣﻌـﻮق اﺳـﺖ . اﯾـﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎﯾﯽ 14/7 درﺻﺪ از وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻧﻤﺮات ﻫﻮﯾﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن را ﭘﯿﺶ ﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﮐـﺮد. دو ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ﻣﻌﻮق و آﺷﻔﺘﻪ روي ﻫﻢ 25/4 درﺻـﺪ از وارﯾـﺎﻧﺲ ﻫﻮﯾـﺖ اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﯽ را ﭘـﯿﺶ ﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ﻣﻌﻮق ﻫﻮﯾﺖ آﺷﻔﺘﻪ و ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﻧﯿﺰ در ﻣﺠﻤـﻮع 26/6 درﺻـﺪ از وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻫﻮﯾﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ را ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان، ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻨﺰﻟﺖﻫـﺎي ﻫﻮﯾـﺖ ﻓـﺮدي داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن اﺛﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻫﻮﯾﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و اﺑﻌـﺎد آن دارد و ﺑـﻪ ﻫﻤـﯿﻦ دﻟﯿـﻞ ﺗﻮﺟـﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﺷﮑﻞﮔﯿﺮي ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﺗﺮ ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ﻓﺮدي آﻧﺎن ﯾﮏ ﺿﺮورت ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ، ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the distribution and relationship between individual and social identity status among students in Tehran universities. The research sample consisted of 524 students from undergraduate to a specialized doctorate as well as professional doctorates in various fields of medicine, engineering and humanities who were randomly selected in clusters and were studying in Tehran universities in 2017-2018. .In this research, the. Method: Method of surveywas used. Two questionnaires of individual identity (Adams and Social Identity Questionnaire (researcher-made) were used as research tools.Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and stepwise regression analysis. Findings: The results showed that deferred identity is the first identity of students (boys and girls) of Tehran universities. The strongest predictor of students' social identity is suspended identity. This variable alone predicted 14.7% of the variance of students' social identity scores. The two variables of suspended and disturbing identity predicted 25.4% of the variance of social identity. They predicted a total of 26.6% of the variance of social identity. Conclusion: Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that students' personal identity status has a significant effect on social identity and its dimensions, and therefore attention to the healthier formation of their individual identity can be a necessity.