سلامت اجتماعي و عوامل اجتماعي مرتبط با آن در بين خانوارهاي شهر تبريز

Social Health and the Related Social Factors among Households in Tabriz

يكي از هدف‌هاي مهم نظام سلامت در هر كشور تأمين، حفظ و ارتقاي كيفيت زندگي و سلامت افراد جامعه است. سلامت اجتماعي توانايي انجام‌دادن مؤثر و كارآمد نقش‌هاي اجتماعي بدون آسيب‌رساندن به ديگران است. ارتقاي سلامت در جامعه شاخص توانمندي نظام اجتماعي به شمار مي‌آيد. اين توانمندي به لحاظ عملي از طريق ارزيابي زندگي افراد جامعه مدنظر قرار مي‌گيرد. سلامت موضوعي فقط زيست‌ شناختي نيست و عوامل اجتماعي نيز در تعيين سطح سلامت افراد دخيل‌اند. هدف اصلي اين پژوهش، تعيين عوامل اجتماعي مرتبط با سلامت اجتماعي خانوارهاي شهر تبريز بود. روش تحقيق، پيمايشي و تكنيك جمع‌آوري داده‌ها پرسشنامه‌هاي استاندارد بود. جامعۀ آماري تحقيق خانوارهاي شهر تبريز به تعداد 428009 خانوار بود. با توجه به فرمول تعيين حجم نمونه، براي شهر تبريز 326 خانوار تعيين شد. شيوۀ نمونه‌گيري، نمونه‌گيري تصادفي خوشه‌اي بود. يافته‌ها نشان داد كه بين ميزان سلامت اجتماعي خانوارهاي تبريز و متغيرهاي اعتماد اجتماعي، احساس نااميدي، گذران اوقات‌فراغت، اعتقادات ديني و پايگاه اجتماعي-اقتصادي رابطۀ معنادار وجود داشت.

One of the important goals of the health system in any country is to ensure, maintain and improve the quality of life and health of society. Social health is the ability to perform social maps effectively and efficiently without harming others. Promoting health in society is an indicator of the capability of the social system. This capability is considered in practice through the evaluation of the lives of people in the community. Health is not just a biological issue, and social factors are effective in determining individuals' level of health. Social health as one of the dimensions of health plays an important role along with physical, mental and spiritual health. The main purpose of this study was to determine the social factors related to the social health of households in Tabriz. The research method was survey and the data collection technique was standard questionnaires. The statistical population was the number of households in Tabriz, which was 428,009. According to the formula for determining sample size, 326 households were determined for the city of Tabriz. The sampling method was cluster random sampling. Findings show that there is a significant relationship between the level of social health of Tabriz households and the variables of social trust, feeling of hopelessness, leisure time, and religious beliefs. Also, the results obtained from the analysis of variance test showed that there is a significant difference in the level of social health based on the socio-economic status of citizens. The greatest difference between the means can be observed in the high socio-economic position with the medium and low levels. As social health plays a major role in the functioning of all individual, family and social fields, it is thus necessary to carry out comprehensive planning to ensure the social health of individuals in society.