نقش فرماندهان و مديران در صيانت از كاركنان شاغل در دژبان ارتش جمهوري اسلامي ايران

The Role of Commanders and Managers in Protecting Employees Working in the Army of the Islamic Republic of Iran

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ وﻫﺪف: ﻫﺮ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﺪ در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪﻫﺎ از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺧﻮد ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ ﺑﯿﺸـﺘﺮ ي ﺑـﻪ ﻋﻤـﻞ آورد و ﻧﻈﺎرت ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺗﺮي داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ اﻧﺤﺮاف و اﺗﻼف اﯾﻦ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﮥ ﻋﻈﯿﻢ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ در آن ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ. دژﺑﺎن ﻧﯿﺰ از اﯾﻦ اﺻﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﺜﻨﺎ ﻧﯿﺴﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎن وﻣﺪﯾﺮان در ﺣﻔﻆ و ﻧﮕﻬﺪاﺷﺖ و ﺻﯿﺎﻧﺖ از ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن ﺑﺴـ ﯿﺎر اﻫﻤﯿـ ﺖ دارد و ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ اﺟﺮاي ﻣﺄﻣﻮرﯾﺖ ﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ را ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻗﺮار دﻫﺪ. ﻟﺬا ﻫﺪف از اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿـﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳـ ﯽ ﻧﻘـﺶ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎن و ﻣﺪﯾﺮان در ﺻﯿﺎﻧﺖ از ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن ﺷﺎﻏﻞ در دژﺑﺎن ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ ﺑـﺎ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎد ه از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌـﺎت ﻣﺒـﺎ ﻧﯽ ﻧﻈﺮي، ﻧﻘﺶ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎن ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺳﻪ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ، ﻧﻈﺎرﺗﯽ و ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ اي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. روش: اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﺣﯿﺚ ﻫﺪف، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و از ﻧﻈﺮ روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ اﺳﺖ و ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ در ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘـﺎت ﮐﯿﻔﯽ دﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳـ ﯽ ﻧﻘـﺶ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧـﺪﻫﺎن وﻣـﺪ ﯾﺮان در ﺣﻔـﻆ و ﻧﮕﻬﺪاﺷـﺖ و ﺻﯿﺎﻧﺖ از ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن، ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ اي ﺑﺎ ﺗﻌﺪاد 21 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن و ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﭘﺲ از ﻃﺮاﺣـ ﯽ ﺳـﻮاﻻت ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ و اﻧﺠﺎم ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﻫﺎي ﻻزم ﺟﻬﺖ اﻧﺠﺎم آن، ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺧﻮد ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮ اﻧﺠﺎم و ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺻﻮﺗﯽ ﺿﺒﻂ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺳﭙﺲ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ روي ﮐﺎﻏﺬ ﭘﯿﺎده و ﮐﺎر ﮐﺪﮔﺬاري آن ﻫﺎ آﻏﺎز ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. در ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ داده ﻫـ ﺎي ﻣﺘﻨﯽ از روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﮐﯿﻔﯽ و ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار MAXQDA اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﻈﺮات ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن ﺣﺎﮐﯿﺴﺖ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎ در ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ: اﻋﻼم ﻫﻮﺷﯿﺎري ﻫﺎ، دادن ارﺷﺎد و ﻧﺼﯿﺤﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ و رﻫﻨﻤﻮدﻫﺎي ﻻزم، دﻋﻮت از اﺳﺎﺗﯿﺪ ﺧﺒﺮه در اﻣﻮرات ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳﯽ، ﻗﻀﺎﯾﯽ و ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺘﯽ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪه ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن اﺳﺖ. ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي و ﻧﻈﺎرت ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ و ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ وﯾﮋه از ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ روﺣﯿﺎت آن ﻫﺎ، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ و اﻫﺮم ﻫﺎي اﻃﻼﻋـﺎ ﺗﯽ ﺑﺎزرﺳـ ﯽ، ﻋﻘﯿـ ﺪﺗﯽ و ﺣﻔﺎﻇـﺖ و ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن و ﮔﺮدش ﻣﺸﺎﻏﻞ در ﺑﻌﺪ ﻧﻈﺎرﺗﯽ و ﺑﺮﮔﺰاري ﮐﻤﯿﺴﯿﻮن ﻫﺎي اﻧﻀﺒﺎﻃﯽ و ﺗـﺬﮐﺮ و ﺗﻨﺒ ﯿـ ﻪ ﮐﺎرﮐﻨـﺎن ﻣﺘﺨﻠﻒ و در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮاﺗﺐ ﺗﻨﺒﯿﻬﺎت، در ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ اي از ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧـﺪﻫﺎن در ﺻـ ﯿﺎﻧﺖ از ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن ﺷﺎﻏﻞ در دژﺑﺎن ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ: ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺮش ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻪ، ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺳﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ، ﻧﻈﺎرﺗﯽ و ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ اي ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎن در ﺻﯿﺎﻧﺖ از ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن از اﻫﻤﯿﺖ وﯾﮋه اي ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار اﺳﺖ و ﻻزﻣﻪ ي ﺗﺪاوم و ارﺗﻘﺎ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد آن ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن اﺳﺖ.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of commanders and managers in protecting employees working in the army of the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this regard, using theoretical foundations studies, the role of commanders has been done based on three components: care, supervision and confrontation.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive survey method and is classified in terms of nature in qualitative research. In this study, in order to investigate the role of commanders and managers in the maintenance and protection of employees, an interview was conducted with 21 experts and experts. After designing the interview questions and making the necessary arrangements to do it, the interview was conducted by the researcher himself and recorded. The interviews were then transcribed and coded. In the text data analysis section, qualitative content analysis was performed using MAXQDA software.

The results obtained using the opinions of experts indicate that the most important components in the care dimension include: announcing alerts, giving timely advice and necessary instructions, inviting expert professors in various matters such as psychology, judiciary and the impact of commander personality traits on staff. Classification and specialized supervision and intensive care of employees according to their morale, use of information resources and levers of inspection, ideology and protection and relocation of employees and job turnover in the supervisory dimension and holding disciplinary commissions and warning and punishing offending employees and considering the chain The level of punishment has been identified in the confrontation dimension of the most important role of commanders in protecting the employees working in the army guards.