تعيين مولفه‌هاي اجتماعي موثر بر افزايش اعتياد در جامعه (مورد مطالعه: شهر بجنورد)

Determining the Social Components Affecting the Increase of Addiction in the Society (Case Study: Bojnourd City)

اﻋﺘﯿﺎد ﯾﮏ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري رواﻧﯽ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ واﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ رواﻧﯽ و ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﻓﺮد ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻮاد ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد و در ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺟﺴﻤﯽ، رواﻧﯽ و اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮات ﻧﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﺑﺮ ﺟﺎي ﻣﯽ ﮔﺬارد. از اﺑﻌﺎد ﻣﻬﻢ اﯾﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﻋﻮدت ﺑﻪ اﻋﺘﯿﺎد ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺗﺮك و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ اﻋﺘﯿﺎد در ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ اﻋﺘﯿﺎد در ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﻮد. روش: اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ و ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ و ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ اﻓﺮاد واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮادي ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ ﺗﺮك اﻋﺘﯿﺎد ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺠﻨﻮرد در ﺳﺎل 1398ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﻧﻤﻮده اﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد 1534ﻧﻔﺮ. ﻃﺒﻖ ﻓﺮﻣﻮل ﮐﻮﮐﺮان 308ﻧﻔﺮ از آنﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮآورد و ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺳﺎده اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. اﺑﺰار ﺟﻤﻊ آوري داده ﻫﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ دو ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ از رواﯾﯽ و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﺑﻮد. ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ داده ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار Smart PLS و SPSS اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ )ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده، رﺳﺎﻧﻪ، ﺳﺒﮏ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ، ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺖ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ، ﻧﮕﺮش ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﺻﯿﺖ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ، ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻻن، ﭘﺎﯾﺒﻨﺪي ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﮏ دﯾﻨﯽ، ﭘﺎﯾﮕﺎه اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ( ﺑﺮ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ اﻋﺘﯿﺎد در ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري دارد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از ﺑﺮازش ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﺪل ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ در اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ اﻋﺘﯿﺎد در ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ اﺳﺖ و ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎ در ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﻋﺘﯿﺎد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﮔﺮدد.

Addiction is a psychosocial disease that causes psychological and physiological dependence of a person with these substances and has adverse effects on physical, mental and social functioning. One of the important aspects of this issue is the return to addiction after quitting and the increase of addiction in the society. The aim of this study was to determine the social components affecting the increase of addiction in society. Method: This descriptive and survey study and the statistical population included all drug addicts who referred to addiction treatment centers in Bojnourd in 1398 and the population was 1534 people. According to Cochran's formula, 308 of them were estimated as the sample size and selected by simple random sampling. Data collection tool consisted of two researcher-made questionnaires that had good validity and reliability. Research data were analyzed using Smart PLS and SPSS software. Results: The findings of the present study showed that the effective factors in this study (family, media, lifestyle, ease of access, attitudes toward health, peers, adherence to religious rites, social status) have a positive and significant effect on increasing addiction in society. Also, the research findings indicated a good fit of the research conceptual model. Conclusion: Social components are effective in increasing addiction in society and it is suggested to pay attention to these components in reducing addiction.