پديد آورندگان :
كهربايي، سارا دانشگاه فردوسي مشهد - دانشكده علوم اداري واقتصادي , مرتضوي، سعيد دانشگاه فردوسي مشهد - دانشكده علوم اداري واقتصادي - گروه مديريت , شيرازي، علي دانشگاه فردوسي مشهد - دانشكده علوم اداري واقتصادي - گروه مديريت , خوراكيان، عليرضا دانشگاه فردوسي مشهد - دانشكده علوم اداري واقتصادي - گروه مديريت
كليدواژه :
رفتار پيشگامانه , خودكارآمدي پهناي نقش , احساس مسئوليت براي تغيير , خودآغازگري , صنعت قطعه‌سازي
چكيده فارسي :
ويژگي‌هاي جديد سازمان‌هاي امروز‌ي در كنار پرداختن به تحولات ساختاري و فرايندي به ايجاد سازه‌ها و مفاهيم نوين نيز منجر شده است. از جمله اين مفاهيم مي‌توان به معرفي سازه رفتار پيشگامانه اشاره داشت. پيشگام بودن مبين تلاش آغازگرانه براي ايجاد تحول در محيط كار، شغل و فرد براي دستيابي به آينده‌اي متفاوت توسط خود كاركنان يا افراد است. پژوهش حاضر به معرفي و آزمون الگويي از پيشايندهاي فردي(شخصيت پيشگامانه) و زمينه‌اي(جوآغازگرانه، استقلال شغلي، رهبري تحول‌گرا) و متغيرهاي واسط(شناختي- انگيزشي) در صنعت قطعه‌سازي خودرو پرداخته است. در اين راستا با اتخاذ روش توصيفي-پيمايشي داده‌هاي 392 نفر از كاركنان در قالب نمونه‌گيري تصادفي طبقه‌اي مبناي پردازش واقع شد. براي جمع‌آوري داده‌ها از پرسشنامه استاندارد استفاده به عمل آمد و روايي و پايايي آن به ترتيب از طريق تحليل عاملي تاييدي و محاسبه ضريب آلفاي كرونباخ تاييد شد. براي تحليل داده‌ها و برازش الگوي پيشنهادي از معادلات ساختاري در قالب نرم افزار Amos استفاده به عمل آمد. نتايج نشان دادند پيشايندهاي فردي و زمينه‌اي به طور مستقل و به واسطه‌ي حالت هاي انگيزشي- شناختي، منجر به بروز رفتار پيشگامانه مي‌شوند.
چكيده لاتين :
New features of today's organizations have led to the emergence of a new organizational structure called proactive behavior and to be considered as one of the organizational behavior. Proactive behavior can be a high-impact concept that plays an important role in enhancing individual, team, and organizational effectiveness in managing and operating an economic of organization. We provide an integrative search on presentation and testing a model of individual(Proactive personality) contextual antecedents(Initiative Climate, job autonomy, Transformational Leadership) of proactive behaviors with mediating role of cognitive-motivational states in Automotive parts industry in Khorasan Razavi province.
Introduction
One of the most significant ways of maintaining industry and overcoming critical situations, technological sanctions and intense competition with foreign competitors is to concentrate on workforce, which is a valuable asset of every organization. Therefore, development, reinforcement and modification of behavior can result continuous and effective changes in industries. The emergence of proactive behavior in the organization can be the basis for increasing the productivity of human resources in the industry. Therefore, identifying this behavior and analyzing the causes of its occurrence, in order to strengthen and create this behavior in organizations, can lead to fundamental changes in the industries of the country. In addition, it can help with accelerating organizational changes, reducing costs, being aligned with customer needs, increasing profitability, and ultimately improving industry performance. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to investigate the antecedents and mediating factors of proactive behavior and its impact on the occurrence of such behavior in the automotive parts industry of Khorasan Razavi Province.
Case study
The statistical population of this study is all personnel of the in Automotive parts industry in Khorasan Razavi. The total number of employees was 5268 and 392 were selected by simple stratified sampling.
Theoretical framework
The model we test proposes that individual differences and work environment variables affect proactive cognitive-motivational states, which, in turn, lead to proactive behavior. This model concurs with Frese and Fay(2001), who, drawing on Kanfer(1992), proposed individual and contextual variables as distal causes of proactive behavior that have an effect via more proximal variables such as role breadth self-efficacy. The hypothesized role of such cognitive-motivational states is consistent with social– cognitive theory, which proposes that humans are reflective, self-regulating agents who are not only products but also producers of their environment (Bandura, 1982). It is also consistent with job design theory, which proposes that job characteristics affect outcomes via critical psychological states(Hackman & Oldham, 1976). In a contrasting theoretical model of proactive behavior, Crant(2000) proposed that motivational states and contextual factors affect proactive behaviors directly.
Methodology and Methods
This study is an applied research in terms of its objective and is of survey type in terms of its data collection and method.the required information was collected using questionnaires. To test the research hypotheses, structural equation modeling has been used.
Discussion and Results
In this paper, 13 main hypotheses were investigated, and confirmed. The results are in line with many other studies conducted in different fields. The results indicate that individual and contextual antecedents independently and through motivational-cognitive states, cause the emergence of proactive behavior
Conclusion
Based on the outcomes, first of all, active managers in this field are recommended to identify the factors affecting the creation of initiative climate, and make arrangements to expand transformational leadership. Moreover, effective human resource units in training and employment are advised to plan on improving staff competencies and using valid tests to recognize people with proactive personality.
