بررسي زمينه‌هاي ورود روايات التقاطي ايراني-سامي به تاريخ ملي ايرانيان

Analysis of the Factors for the Entry of Iranian-Semitic Eclectic Narratives into the National History of Iranians

هدف اين مقاله بررسي زمينه‌هاي پيدايش و ورود گونه­ اي از روايات التقاطي در زنجيرۀ روايت­ هاي تاريخ ملي ايرانيان است كه از طريق ادغام شخصيت­ هاي آريايي و شخصيت­ هاي سامي ايجاد شده ­اند. در راستاي اين هدف، ضمن نقد آراي پيشينيان ـ كه دلايل اين مسئله را عمدتاً در دورۀ پيش از اسلام و نقش يهوديان و مسيحيان جست‌وجو كرده‌اند ـ نبود شاهدي براي اين دسته از روايات در متون پهلوي و منابع ايراني تا دوران اسلامي را متذكر شده‌ايم و بر انتقال مرجعيت ديني از شريعت زردشت به شريعت اسلام تأكيد كرده­ايم. در ادامه، محاسبۀ تاريخ بر اساس سنت آريايي از يك سو و اصالت ­دادن به شخصيت‌ها و روايات سنت سامي از سوي ديگر را به‌عنوان علل زمينه‌ساز، معرفي كرده­ايم، عللي كه منجر به بروز تضادهاي اين دو سنت در مقوله­ هاي نخستين انسان، تشعب اقوام و رسالت و سلطنت جهاني شده است. و رواياتِ التقاطيِ برساخته از اين دو جريان روايي را تمهيد مورخان و نسب‌شناسان مسلمان براي مرتفع ساختن اين تضادها دانسته­ ايم.

The purpose of this article is to discover and identify the factors influencing what can be considered as causes in the entry of eclectic narratives into the course of Iranian national history. We mean those narratives that have emerged through the integration of Indo-European and Semitic-Islamic characters. First, while criticizing previous scholars who mainly considered the reasons for the entry of these narrations to be related to the pre-Islamic period and the influence of Jews and Christians, this study has noted that there is no evidence of such narrations in Middle Persian and nationalist sources until the Islamic era. In addition, the research emphasizes the replacement of Islam as an alternative to the old religion. Consequently, the assessment of the chronology of events in the ancient world, based on the history of ancient Iran on the one hand and the legitimation of the personalities and traditions of the Semitic tribes on the other hand as the underlying causes that have led to the revelation of the contradictions of these two traditions in the cases of the “first man”, the division of tribes, prophecy, and monarchy. In conclusion, the research has considered the eclectic narratives made up of these two narrative currents as the solution of Muslim historians and genealogists to eliminate contradictions.