ﻧﻘﺶ ﺷﺒﮑﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺗﯽ در ﺷﮑﻞﮔﯿﺮي ﺟﺮﯾﺎن ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮت از ﺷﻬﺮﮐﺮد ﺑﻪ اﺻﻔﻬﺎن

Role of Migration Networks in Shaping the Flow of Migration from Shahrekord to Isfahan

ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮت ﺷﺒﮑﻪاي ﺷﮑﻠﯽ از ﺟﺎﺑﻪﺟﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ دو ﻣﻨﻄﻘﮥ ﺑﻪﻧﺴﺒﺖ دور از ﻫﻢ اﺳﺖ و اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﺮك ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﺑﻪواﺳﻄﮥ ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ رواﺑﻂ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻓﺮاد در ﻣﺒﺪأ و ﻣﻘﺼﺪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﯽﮔﯿﺮد. ﻫﺪف ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، واﮐﺎوي ﻧﻘﺶ ﺷﺒﮑﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺗﯽ در ﺷﮑﻞﮔﯿﺮي ﺟﺮﯾﺎن ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮت از ﺷﻬﺮﮐﺮد ﺑﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ اﺻﻔﻬﺎن اﺳﺖ. روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺮاي دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ از روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﻼك اﺷﺒﺎع ﻧﻈﺮي ﺑﺎ 25 ﻧﻔﺮ زن و ﻣﺮد ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ دو ﺳﺎل اﻗﺎﻣﺖ در ﺷﻬﺮ اﺻﻔﻬﺎن را داﺷﺘﻪاﻧﺪ، در ﺳﺎل 1397 ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﮐﯿﻔﯽ، ﮐﺪﮔﺬاري و ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪﺑﻨﺪي ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺷﺒﮑﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺗﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺧﻮﯾﺸﺎوﻧﺪي، ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻮادﮔﯽ، ﺷﺒﮑﻪ دوﺳﺘﯽ و ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﻫﻢﻣﺤﻠﯽ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﺷﺒﮑﻪﻫﺎ ﺗﺴﻬﯿﻞﮔﺮ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮت ﺑﻮده و اﻓﺮاد ﺑﺎ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ، ﺳﭙﺲ ﭘﯿﻮﻧﺪﻫﺎ و رواﺑﻄﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺒﮑﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﻗﺮار ﮐﺮدهاﻧﺪ، ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪاﻧﺪ. ﺷﺒﮑﻪﻫﺎ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ اراﺋﻪ اﻧﻮاﻋﯽ از ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖﻫﺎي اﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﯽ، ﻣﺎﻟﯽ، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ، ﺷﻐﻠﯽ، و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺗﯽ زﻣﺎن ﻻزم ﺑﺮاي اﻗﺎﻣﺖ و ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻖ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮ در ﻣﻘﺼﺪ را ﮐﺎﻫﺶ دادهاﻧﺪ. ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺷﺒﮑﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺴﻬﯿﻞ و ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﺨﺸﯿﺪن ﺑﻪ روﻧﺪ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮت، ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻤﺎت و ﻧﯿﺎت اﻓﺮاد را ﺑﻪ واﻗﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪاﻧﺪ.

The migration networks is a form of spatial movement of population groups between two relatively distant regions. This population mobility is achieved by expanding a set of relationships between individuals at the origin and destination. The purpose of this article is to investigate the role of migration networks in shaping the flow of migration from Shahrekord to Isfahan. The research method is qualitative and purposive sampling method was employed. In this study, considering the criterion of theoretical saturation, 25 immigrants who have resided in Isfahan for at least two years have been interviewed in 2019. The data were coded and categorized by content analysis method. Immigration networks included kinship networks, family networks, friendship networks, and local immigrant networks. Networks facilitated the migration, and individuals decided to migrate by identifying, then connecting and relationship with networks. Networks have reduced the time required to adapt to the destination by providing a variety of information, financial, social, emotional and occupational support and reducing immigration costs. In this way, networks helps people to realise their intention and decision by facilitating and accelerating the migration process.