قرآن كريم و چگونگي ارتباط جهان كثرت با جهان وحدت در نظام هستي شناسي عرفاني

The Holy Quran and how the world of plurality is related to the world of unity in the system of mystical ontology

مساله «وجود شناسي» عموما و چگونگي تحقق جهان كثرت و رابطه آن با جهان وحدت خصوصا از بنيادي­ترين مسائلي است كه بر ديگر مباحث نظام هستي­ شناختي در فلسفه و عرفان اثر مي­گذارد. برخي رابطه جهان كثرت با جهان وحدت را از نوع وحدت سنخي وجود مي­دانند، برخي ديگر نيز وحدت حقه سرياني را مطرح مي­كنند و عده­اي ديگر از جمله عارفان مسلمان، رابطه جهان كثرت با واجب متعال را از نوع وحدت شخصي وجود دانسته و آن را برگرفته از عقل و وحي مي­دانند. مساله ­اي كه اين تحقيق در صدد پاسخِ قرآن پايه به آن است عبارت است از: در نظام هستي شناسي عرفاني، بين جهان كثرت و جهان وحدت چه نوع رابطه­ اي برقرار است؟ از اين رو هدف اين تحقيق، كشف مناسباتِ مستند به قرآن كريم بين جهان كثرت و جهان وحدت است. اين تحقيق، از نوع پژوهش­­هاي توسعه ­اي و با بهره­ گيري از روش توصيفي تحليلي و روش تحقيق كتابخانه ­اي، به اثبات فرضيه«برقراري نسبت بين وحدت و كثرت بر پايه وحدت شخصي وجود» پرداخته است. خوانش قرآنيِ نسبت به دست آمده در برقراري ارتباط بين دو جهان مذكور و استخراج مستندات قرآني آن، وجه عمده تمايز اين تحقيق با پژوهش­هاي همسو مي­باشد. با كنكاش بر روي اين مساله، به دست آمد كه آيات زيادي براي اثبات رويكرد عرفاني در ارتباط جهان كثرت با جهان وحدت وجود دارد. با تحليل عرفاني صورت گرفته بر روي آيات مرتبط، گزاره راهبردي«وجود در واجب متعال منحصر است و عالم ممكنات به منزله تجليات، ظهورات و شئونات او هستند»، استخراج شد كه مي­تواند مبناي پژوهش ­هاي بعدي پيرامون نظام مسائل عرفان قرآني باشد.

Introduction This study aims to investigate the relationship between the world of unity and the world of plurality based on Quranic reading and tries to reject the rival theory and the hypothesis of "establishing a relationship between unity and plurality based on the personal unity of existence" based on studies and analyzes. Examine the basic Qur'an. The body of research consists of: explaining the personal unity of existence and critique of rival theories and reciting and explaining the Qur'an the chosen theory. By studying the relative interactions of the world of plurality with the world of unity, several studies have been conducted, including: the article "The possibility of personal unity of existence in transcendent wisdom" by Hossein Suzanchi; The article "A method and in proving the content of the personal unity of existence" written by Vahid Vahed Javan et al .; Article "Unity and plurality of existence in transcendent wisdom and mysticism" by Seyyed Hamid Reza Hassani; The article "Reflections on the Evidence of Personal Unity of Existence" written by Mohammad Ali Mohiti Ardakan and Mohammad Fanaei Eshkevari. Although these articles have somehow dealt with the relationship between the world of unity and the world of plurality and the analysis of the personal unity of existence, they have never targeted the basic and documented reading of the Qur'an, which is the mission of this research. Material The present research is a research, theoretical and its method is descriptive-analytical. The research approach is also qualitative; Qualitative research requires identifying sources related to the research topic, studying texts, understanding the meaning of the text and extracting the desired content from these sources, establishing a relationship between the content and describing and analyzing them, and discussing and concluding the collected information. Results Based on research and referring to the Holy Quran, it was found that the relationship between the world of plurality and the world of unity is of the type of relationship "was" and "appearance" or the relationship of "truth of existence" and "manifestation of existence" called "personal unity of existence" Is summarized. There are many verses to prove this mystical approach in relation to the world of plurality and the world of unity. With the mystical analysis of the relevant verses, the strategic statement "Existence is unique in the Almighty and the world of possibilities is its manifestations, manifestations and events" was extracted, which can be the basis for further research on the system of Qur'anic mysticism. Conclusion In mystical ontology, how the world of plurality relates to the world of unity is one of the main axes. The relationship between the world of unity and the world of plurality has long been the subject of controversy among philosophers and sages. Different views are presented in this regard. What has been considered most of all is the theory of the personal unity of existence in these proportions. Mystics try to develop this theory with rational and intuitive analysis and base it on other scientific theories. Based on research and referring to the Holy Quran, it was found that the relationship between the world of plurality and the world of unity is of the type of relationship "was" and "appearance" or the relationship of "truth of existence" and "manifestation of existence".