آينده نگري مدل هاي رفتاري شهروندان در انواع فضاهاي عمومي كلانشهر مشهد

Foresighting of citizen urban care models in various public spaces of Mashhad metropolis

ﻫﻤﻪ اﻧﺴﺎن ﻫﺎ در زﻧﺪﮔﯽ روزﻣﺮه ﺧﻮد در ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ اﻃﺮاف ﺧﻮد ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮي از ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﯾﺎ ﺑﺮ آن اﺛﺮ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺬارﻧﺪ. ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي اﻧﺴﺎن در ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﻣﻌﯿﻨﯽ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﯽ ﭘﺬﯾﺮد. در اﯾﻦ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎ، رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي واﻗﻌﯽ و ﻣﻮرد اﻧﺘﻈﺎر در ﺣﺪ اﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎت ﻣﻮﺟﻮد، ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﺑﺮوز ﻣﯽﯾﺎﺑﻨﺪ و ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﯽ ﯾﮏ ﻓﻀﺎ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﻓﺮض ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت رﻓﺘﺎري و ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎي اﻓﺮاد، ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﯾﮑﯽ از اﻫﺪاف ﻋﻠﻤﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ اراﯾﻪ و ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﺪل ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻤﯽ رﻓﺘﺎر اﻧﺴﺎن ﻫﺎ در ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮي و ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﻫﺎي اﻧﺴﺎن ﺳﺎﺧﺖ، ﺗﺤﺖ ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﺤﻮرﻫﺎي ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺷﻬﺮي و ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﯽ آن ﻫﺎ و اﺛﺮات آن ﺑﺮ اﯾﺠﺎد اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎي رﻓﺘﺎري اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻮع ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي ﺑﻮده و روش آن ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ از روش ﻫﺎي آﻣﺎر ﻧﺎﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﯾﮏ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺳﻨﺠﺶ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ 275 ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار SPSS ﺑﻬﺮه ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻪ از اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎي رﻓﺘﺎري ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان در ﻣﻌﺎﺑﺮ اﺻﻠﯽ دو ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 1 و 10 ﮐﻼﻧﺸﻬﺮ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﻮر اﺻﻠﯽ ﺑﻠﻮار ﺳﺠﺎد ﺑﺎ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ 0/41071- در ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺮﮐﺖ، اﯾﺠﺎد ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼت اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، زﻣﺎن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻓﻀﺎ، ﺣﻀﻮر دﺳﺘﻪ ﺟﻤﻌﯽ و ﻣﯿﺰان ﭘﺮﺗﺎب زﺑﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻃﺮاف، ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻮر اﻣﺎﻣﯿﻪ داراي ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار و آﺷﮑﺎري اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺧﻮد ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﺿﺮورت ﺗﻮﺟﻪ وﯾﮋه ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮه ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺧﯿﺎﺑﺎن ﻫﺎ را دارد.

All human beings in their daily lives are in contact with their surroundings and are affected or influenced by the environment in some way. All human behaviors take place in certain spaces. In these spaces, real and expected behaviors occur within the available possibilities, and a desirable space is assumed when it is designed according to the behavioral characteristics and needs of individuals. One of the scientific objectives of this article is to present and explain the systematic model of human behavior in urban spaces and man-made environments, in the form of urban communication axes and their comparative comparison and its effects on creating behavioral patterns of users. This research is of applied type and its method is descriptive-analytical. Also, non-parametric statistical methods have been used to measure and analyze 275 questionnaires designed using SPSS software. The results of this study show that the behavioral patterns of citizens in the main thoroughfares of the 1st and 10th districts of Mashhad metropolis, including the main axis of Sajjad Boulevard with an average difference of -0.41071 in speed, movement, social interaction, space usage time, group presence an‎d the amount of garbage thrown around has a significant and obvious difference compared to the Imamiyeh axis, which indicates the need for special attention to the design of public spaces in the city, including streets.