كليدواژه :
ﻃﺮد اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ - اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي , ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ و ﻗﻮﻣﯽ , ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺖ , ﺳﻨﻨﺪج
چكيده فارسي :
در اﯾﺮان ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮازات رﺷﺪ ﺷﻬﺮﻧﺸﯿﻨﯽ، ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﻣﺤﻼت ﻓﻘﯿﺮﻧﺸﯿﻦ ﺑﻮﯾﮋه ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎهﻫﺎي ﻏﯿﺮرﺳﻤﯽ از ﭘﺪﯾﺪهﻫﺎي ﻓﺮاﮔﯿﺮ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﯾﮑﯽ از دﻻﯾﻞ ﺣﺎﺷﯿﻪﻧﺸﯿﻨﯽ ﻃﺮد ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ و ﻗﻮﻣﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﻃﺮد اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﭘﺪﯾﺪهاي ﭼﻨﺪ ﺟﻨﺒﻪ اي اﺳﺖ و ﻓﺮاﺗﺮ از اﺑﻌﺎد ﻣﺎدي و ﮐﻤﺒﻮدﻫﺎي اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي، ﺑﺮ داﻣﻨﻪي ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻋﯽ از ﻣﺤﺮوﻣﯿﺖﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ و ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ دﻻﻟﺖ دارد. در ﻫﻤﯿﻦ راﺑﻄﻪ، ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺖ ﯾﮑـﯽ از ﻣﻘﻮﻻت ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻣﻬﻤـﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﯾﺠـﺎد ﻗﺸـﺮﺑﻨﺪي در ﮐﻠﯿـﻪي ﺟﻮاﻣـﻊ ﻣﯽﺷـﻮد. ﻧﺎﺑﺮاﺑـﺮي ﺟﻨﺴـﯿﺘﯽ، واﻗﻌﯿﺘـﯽ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋـﯽ در ﺳﺮاﺳﺮ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﺑﺸـﺮ ﺑﻮده اﺳـﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﻧﯿﻤﯽ از ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﻫﺮ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ را زﻧﺎن ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﻣﯽدﻫﻨﺪ، اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﻫﺪف ﺧﻮد را ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻔﺎوتﻫﺎي ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ در ﻃﺮد اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي ﺣﺎﺷﯿﻪاي ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ و ﻗﻮﻣﯽ در ﺷﻬﺮ ﺳﻨﻨﺪج ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺟﻨﺴﯿﺖ ﻗﺮار داده اﺳﺖ. روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﻮده و ﻧﻮع آن ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي اﺳﺖ. ﺷﯿﻮهي ﮔﺮدآوري اﻃﻼﻋﺎت، ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪاي، اﺳﻨﺎدي و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪاي اﺳﺖ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ ﺑﻮده و از ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ 260000 ﻧﻔﺮي ﺣﺎﺷﯿﻪﻧﺸﯿﻦ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺳﻨﻨﺪج، 400 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻓﺮﻣﻮل ﮐﻮﮐﺮان ﺑﺮاي ﭘﺮﺳﺸﮕﺮي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. دادهﻫﺎي ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار SPSS ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ آزﻣﻮن رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﭼﻨﺪﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮه ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ در ﻫﺮ دو ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ي دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ و ﻃﺮد / ادﻏﺎم اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎ ارزش ﻋﺪدي »0/498 و 0/568« ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ را در ﻃﺮد اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي اﻓﺮاد داﺷﺘﻪاﻧﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ آزﻣﻮن t-test ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ، ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي و ﺧﺪﻣﺎت اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺿﻌﯿﻒ، ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎ ارزش ﻋﺪدي »43/166 و 41/647« و در ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ي ﻃﺮد / ادﻏﺎم اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي و آﺳﯿﺐﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎ ارزش ﻋﺪدي »49/706 و 47/123« ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ را در ﻃﺮد اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي زﻧﺎن داﺷﺘﻪاﻧﺪ.
چكيده لاتين :
In Iran, along with the growth of urbanization, the spread of poor neighborhoods, especially informal settlements, has been the phenomena of the contemporary city. One of the reasons for marginalization is cultural and ethnic exclusion. Socio-economic exclusion is a multidimensional phenomenon, and it goes beyond material dimensions and economic deficiencies, which implies a wide range of social, cultural and political deprivations. In this regard, gender is one of the most important issues that causes stratification in all societies. Given that half of the population of each society are women, this study aims to study the spatial differences in the socio-economic exclusion of marginalized cultural and ethnic groups in Sanandaj with an emphasis on gender. The method of collecting information, library, documentary and questionnaire. Sampling was done purposefully and out of a population of 260,000 marginalized people in Sanandaj, 400 people were selected using the Cochran formula. SPSS analysis of data was performed using SPSS software. Through the multivariate regression test in both aspects of access to resources and Exclusion / social integration, economic factors with numerical value of "0/498 and 0/568" had the most effect on the socioeconomic provision of individuals. It was also determined through an independent independent t test that, in terms of access to resources, economic factors and poor social services, numerical values were "43/166 and 41/647", respectively, and in terms of crises / social integration, economic factors and social flagging, Respectively, with numerical values of "49/706 and 47/123" had the most impact on the social and economic exclusion of women.
