توسعه محلي و رويكرد تسهيلگري اجتماع محور (محله جعفرآباد)

Local development and community-based facilitation approach (Jafarabad neighborhood)

ﺗﺴﻬﯿﻠﮕﺮي درﺑﺮﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪه ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻧﮕﺮﺷﻬﺎ، داﻧﺶ و ﻣﻬﺎرﺗﻬﺎﯾﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻓﺮاد ﺑﻮﯾﮋه دﺳﺖ اﻧﺪرﮐﺎران ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻣﻮﺛﺮي ﺑﺎ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺒﯿﻦ ﺧﻮد ﺑﺮﻗﺮار ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻨﺪ. ﺗﺴﻬﯿﻠﮕﺮي داﻧﺶ و ﻣﻬﺎرت ﮐﺎرﮐﺮدن ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه اﺳﺖ. دﻓﺎﺗﺮ ﺗﺴﻬﯿﻠﮕﺮي ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد اﺟﺘﻤﺎعﻣﺤﻮر ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻣﺤﻼت ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ و ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ اﻫﺎﻟﯽ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ و ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﯿﺎز ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ ﻣﺤﻠﯽ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و اﻋﺘﻤﺎدﺳﺎزي در ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي ﻣﺤﻼت ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. اﯾﻦ اﻟﮕﻮ در اﯾﺮان ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺣﻮزه ﻣﻌﺎوﻧﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ وزارت ﮐﺸﻮر ﻣﺪﺗﯽ اﺳﺖ در ﺑﺴﯿﺎري از ﻣﺤﻼت ﻣﺤﺮوم و آﺳﯿﺐﭘﺬﯾﺮ آﻏﺎز ﺷﺪه و در ﻣﺤﻠﻪ ﺟﻌﻔﺮآﺑﺎد ﻧﯿﺰ در ﺳﺎل 1397 ﺑﻨﯿﺎن ﮔﺬاﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎ و اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت دﻓﺘﺮ ﺗﺴﻬﯿﻠﮕﺮي و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﺤﻠﯽ ﺟﻌﻔﺮآﺑﺎد ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. دﻓﺎﺗﺮ ﺗﺴﻬﯿﻠﮕﺮي و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﺤﻠﯽ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد اﺟﺘﻤﺎع ﻣﺤﻮر و ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﺤﻠﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ارﺗﻘﺎي وﺿﻌﯿﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ، ﻣﺎﻟﯽ، ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ و ﻣﺴﮑﻦ ﺧﺎﻧﻮارﻫﺎي ﺳﺎﮐﻦ در ﻣﺤﻼت ﻓﺮودﺳﺖ ﺷﻬﺮي ﺗﺄﺳﯿﺲ و زﯾﺮ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﮐﺸﻮر ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺧﻮد را ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺷﺮح ﺧﺪﻣﺎت اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﯽدﻫﻨﺪ. اﯾﻦ دﻓﺎﺗﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﮐﺎﻧﻮن ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﻧﯿﺮوﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﻠﯽ و ﻓﺮاﻣﺤﻠﯽ در اﻣﺮ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺑﻮده و ﻫﺪاﯾﺖ و راﻫﺒﺮي ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺘﻬﺎ را ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺗﺠﻤﯿﻊ ﻧﯿﺮوﻫﺎ، ﭘﺮﻫﯿﺰ از ﻣﻮازيﮐﺎري، ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي از ﺗﺪاﺧﻞ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺘﻬﺎ و اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت، اﯾﺠﺎد ﺑﺎﻧﮏ اﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ و ﭘﺎﯾﺶ و ﻣﯿﺰان اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖﻫﺎ، ﮔﺮوهﺳﺎزي، ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﻪ ﮔﺮي و ﻣﯿﺎﻧﺠﯽﮔﺮي ﻧﻬﺎدي را ﺑﻪ ﻋﻬﺪه دارد. دﻓﺘﺮ ﺗﺴﻬﯿﻠﮕﺮي و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﺤﻠﯽ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ ﺟﻌﻔﺮآﺑﺎد ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎع ﻣﺤﻮر در ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ ﺟﻌﻔﺮآﺑﺎد و ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ و ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﮐﻨﯿﻦ و ﻧﻬﺎدﻫﺎ ﻓﻌﺎل در ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ ﮔﺎﻣﻬﺎي ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯽ در ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم داده اﺳﺖ. در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ ﺗﺴﻬﯿﻠﮕﺮي ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮاﻧﻤﻨﺪﺳﺎزي ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ ﻣﺤﻠﯽ ﮐﺎر ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮدم و ﮔﺮوﻫ ﻬﺎي ﻣﺤﻠﯽ ﺗﻔﻮﯾﺾ ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد.

Following the evolution of the empowerment and regeneration process in Iran, a new approach based on the experiences of nearly three decades of social promotion activities is the neighborhood-based social facilitation process. This view is based on the belief that promotion in empowerment begins with social development and its scale is urban neighborhoods. Facilitation includes a set of attitudes, knowledge, and skills that help individuals, especially those involved in development programs, to communicate effectively with their audiences. Facilitates the knowledge and skills of working with a group. Facilitation offices with a community-oriented approach seek less social development of neighborhoods and seek to empower neighborhoods with the participation of neighborhood residents and identifying the needs of local communities and increasing social capital and building trust in the community. This model in Iran has been started for some time in many deprived and vulnerable neighborhoods by the Social Affairs Department of the Ministry of Interior and was established in Jafarabad neighborhood in 1397. In this research, using the qualitative method, the activities and actions of Jafarabad Facilitation and Local Development Office have been studied. Facilitation and local development offices with a community-based approach and local community participation with the aim of improving the social, cultural, financial, environmental and housing status of households living in urban suburbs and under the supervision of the countrychr('39')s social organization operate according to service descriptions. These offices are the focus of local and trans-local forces in development and direct activities with the aim of consolidating forces, avoiding duplication of work, preventing the interference of activities and actions, creating a database for evaluation and monitoring and the final effectiveness of activities.