كليدواژه :
دﻫﺴﺘﺎن دﻟﻔﺎرد , ﺧﺎﻧﻪ دوم , ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮت ﻣﻌﮑﻮس روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ , ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮت ﻓﺼﻠﯽ ﻣﻌﮑﻮس
چكيده فارسي :
اﻣﺮوزه ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎي ﺑﺰرگ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﻓﺸﺎرﻫﺎ و ﺗﻮرﻣﻬﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺘﯽ، اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي، آﻟﻮدﮔﯽ و ... ﺑﯿﺶ از آﻧﮑﻪ ﻣﻬـﺎﺟﺮ ﭘـﺬﯾﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ، ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮ ﻓﺮﺳﺖ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. اﮔﺮ ﭼﻪ ﻣﺎﻟﮑﯿﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي دوم روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮت ﻣﻌﮑﻮس ﺑﺎ ﻗﯿﺪ ﻓﺼﻠﯽ و ﻣﻮﻗﺖ ﺑﺤﺴﺎب ﻣﯽ آﯾﻨﺪ، اﻣﺎ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﭘﺪﯾﺪه ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰ زداﯾﯽ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮ ﻓﺮﺳﺘﯽ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺤﺴﺎب ﻣﯽ آﯾﺪ . ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي دوم ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮏ ﭘﺪﯾﺪه اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﯾﮑﯽ دو دﻫﻪ اﺧﯿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻋﯽ اداﻣﻪ ﺣﯿﺎت ﺷﻬﺮي در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺸﻤﺎر ﻣـﯽ آﯾﻨـﺪ، ﺿـﻤﻨﺎ ً ﮔﺴﺘﺮش و رواج اﯾﻦ ﭘﺪﯾﺪه ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ راه ﺣﻞ ﻣﺆﺛﺮي ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﺪﯾﺪ ﺣﯿﺎت ﻧﻮاﺣﯽ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ . اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﺮك ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ-ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺘﯽ و ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﻬﺮ و روﺳﺘﺎ، ﻣﻨﺘﺞ ﺑﻪ ﺷﮑﻞ ﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﻮج ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮت دﯾﮕﺮي در ﺧﺎرج از ﻗﻠﻤﺮو ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ و اﯾﺠﺎد ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي دوم در روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎي ﺧﻮش آب و ﻫﻮاي ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎي ﺑﺰرگ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﮐﺮﻣﺎن )ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ دﻟﻔﺎرد( ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ . در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ از ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ ﻫﺎي رواﺑﻂ ﺷﻬﺮ و روﺳﺘﺎ و ﺳﺒﮏ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮده اﯾﻢ . ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ روﺷﯽ، از ﻗﺎﻟﺐ روﺷﯽ آﻣﯿﺨﺘﻪ ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑـﺮده و روش ﮐﯿﻔﯽ اﺳﺎس ﮐﺎر و روش ﮐﻤﯽ در ﮐﻨﺎر آن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري، روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎي ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺮﮐﺰي ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺟﯿﺮﻓﺖ)دﻫﺴﺘﺎن دﻟﻔﺎرد( ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 137روﺳﺘﺎ ﮐﻪ 21روﺳﺘﺎ ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ.ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣـﺎﮐﯽ از آن اﺳـﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻮج ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮت ﻣﻌﮑﻮس ﻓﺼﻠﯽ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ در روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﮐﺰي دﻫﺴﺘﺎن ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ. ﻣﺎﻟﮑﺎن ﺟﻮان و ﻣﯿﺎﻧﺴﺎل اﻏﻠـﺐ ﺳﺎﮐﻦ ﺟﯿﺮﻓﺖ و ﮐﺮﻣﺎن ﺑﻮده و از ﻫﺮ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺘﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮداري از ﺧﺎﻧـﻪ ﻫـﺎ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯿﮑﻨﻨـﺪ در ﺣﺎﻟﯿﮑـﻪ ﻣـﺎﻟﮑﯿﻦ و ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﯾﻦ ﮐﺮﻣﺎن و ﺑﻨﺪرﻋﺒﺎس اﻏﻠﺐ ﺑﯿﺶ از60 ﺳﺎل ﺳﻦ داﺷﺘﻪ و اﻏﻠﺐ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ. ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﻣﺎﻟﮑـﺎن ﺑـﺎ ﺳﺎﮐﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻓﺎﻣﯿﻠﯽ داﺷﺘﻨﺪ، ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎن ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي دوم روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ را ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺳﺒﮏﻫﺎي زﻧﺪﮔﯽ، ﻧﻮع و اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ اﻧﮕﯿﺰهﻫﺎ، ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ و ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ زﻣﯿﻨﻪاي ﺑﻪ ﺳﻪ دﺳﺘﻪ ﻓﺮاﻏﺖﺟﻮﯾﺎن، ﻫﻮﯾﺖﺟﻮﯾﺎن و ﻣﻨﺰﻟﺖﺟﻮﯾﺎن ﺑﺎ وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﺧـﺎص ﺧـﻮد ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﻧﻤﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ اﺧﺘﺼﺎر آن را ﻓَﻬﻢ ﻧﺎﻣﯿﺪﯾﻢ
چكيده لاتين :
Today, big cities are first-time immigrants rather than immigrants due to various pressures and inflation due to population, economy, pollution, etc. Although the ownership of second rural houses is considered in the form of reverse migration with seasonal restrictions, but it is considered in the form of social decentralization and urban migration. Second homes as a social phenomenon in the last one or two decades are considered as a kind of continuation of urban life in rural areas, while the spread and prevalence of this phenomenon can be an effective solution for the revitalization of rural areas. This geographical-demographic mobility and urban-rural interaction has resulted in the formation of another wave of migration outside the cities and the creation of second homes in temperate villages near major cities, including Arak. In this study, we have used theories of urban-rural relations and lifestyle. In terms of method, a mixed method template has been used and the qualitative method is the basis of the work and the quantitative method has been used next to it. The statistical population is the central part of Delfard region of Kerman province, including 137 villages that 21 villages were evaluated as a sample. The wave of seasonal reverse migration is more widespread in central Dalfard villages. Young and middle-aged owners often live in Jiroft and Kerman and use every opportunity to use their homes, while Kerman and Bandar Abbas residents are often over 60 years old and often come for occasions. All the owners had a family relationship with the residents. The owners of the second rural houses can be divided into three categories of graduates, identity seekers and status seekers with special characteristics based on their lifestyles, type and priority of motives, conditions and underlying factors. He divided himself, which we briefly called understanding.
