اولويت‌بندي راهبردهاي توسعه شهري مطالعه موردي:شهر رشت

Prioritization of Rasht urban development strategies

راﻫﺒﺮد ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺷﻬﺮي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪاي اﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ راﻫﺒﺮدي ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮأﻣﺎن ﺑﺮﺗﻬﯿﻪ و اﺟﺮاي ﺳﻨﺪ ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ و ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ آن ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﭼﺸﻢ اﻧﺪازﺳﺎزي ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺘﯽ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﯽﭘﺬﯾﺮد. ﻣﻘﺼﻮد، ﻧﻮﻋﯽ ﺳﻨﺪ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺎﻧﮏ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ و ﻣﺮﮐﺰ اﺳﮑﺎن ﺑﺸﺮ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻣﻠﻞ ﻣﺘﺤﺪ، ﯾﻌﻨﯽ اﺋﺘﻼف ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد و ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از 50ﻧﻔﺮ از ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن و ﺳﺎﮐﻨﺎن ﺷﻬﺮ رﺷﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﯿﺮي از ﻣﺪل SWOTﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋي و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺷﻬﺮي در ﺷﻬﺮ رﺷﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻃﺒﻖ ﻣﺎﺗﺮﯾﺲ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از ﻣﺪل SWOT، ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻮدن ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺎرﻧﺪﮔﯽ و ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻮدن ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ اﻣﺘﯿﺎز و ﻣﻤﻨﻮع ﺷﺪن ﺳﺎﺧﺖ و ﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺑﯽﺿﺎﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮص در ﺧﺎرج ﺣﺮﯾﻢ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ اﻣﺘﯿﺎز ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻗﻮت ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ رﺷﺖ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. از ﺑﯿﻦ ﻧﻘﺎط ﺿﻌﻒ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺳﺎري، ﻋﺪم ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪﮔﺬاري ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ در ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎي زﯾﺮﺑﻨﺎﯾﯽ )ﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎً ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي( ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ اﻣﺘﯿﺎز و ﭘﺎﺳﺨﮕﻮﯾﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺷﻬﺮي و ﺷﻔﺎﻓﯿﺖ ﮐﻢ ﻗﻮاﻧﯿﻦ و ﻣﻘﺮرات در ﻣﻮرد ﻃﺮحﻫﺎي اﺟﺮاﯾﯽ و ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي آن، ﺑﺎ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ اﻣﺘﯿﺎز ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ رﺷﺖ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻃﺒﻖ ﻣﺎﺗﺮﯾﺲ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ از ﺑﯿﻦ ﻓﺮﺻﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺧﻮرداري از ﺟﺎذﺑﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي اﻓﺰاﯾ ﺶ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﮔﺮدﺷﮕﺮي ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ اﻣﺘﯿﺎز و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺨﺒﮕﺎن و ﻓﺮﻫﯿﺨﺘﮕﺎن ﺷﻬﺮ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎداﺗﺸﺎن ﺑﺎ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦﺗﺮﯾﻦ اﻣﺘﯿﺎز، ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﺷﻬﺮ رﺷﺖ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ

Urban development strategy is a plan with a strategic nature that emphasizes both the preparation and implementation of the document and its formulation is based on a participatory vision. It is a document proposed and promoted by the World Bank and the United Nations Center for Human Settlements, the Coalition of Cities. In this research, 50 experts and residents of Rasht have been used by using the SWOT model to determine the strategy and urban development in Rasht. The results show that according to the matrix obtained from the SWOT model, high rainfall and natural conditions of the region with the highest score and the prohibition of unruly constructions, especially outside the city with the lowest score of development strength is the city of Rasht. Among the weaknesses of Sari city, lack of proper investment in infrastructure (especially agriculture and tourism) with the highest score and low responsiveness of urban management, and low transparency of laws and regulations on executive plans and its costs, with The lowest score is the weakness of Rasht city development. Also, according to the matrix of external factors, among the opportunities, having suitable natural attractions to increase tourism development with the highest score and using the city's elites and intellectuals to develop and use their suggestions with the lowest score, Rasht city's opportunity point for development.