ارزيابي ميزان تحقق عدالت فضايي و توزيع خدمات شهري در سطح منطقه 4

Assessing the level of spatial justice and distribution of urban services in the region 4

در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰي ﺷﻬﺮي، ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان روﯾﮑﺮد اﺻﻠﯽ در ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﺷﻬﺮي، ﺿﺮورﺗﯽ اﺟﺘﻨﺎب ﻧﺎﭘﺬﯾﺮ اﺳﺖ. در ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ و ﻧﺤﻮه ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﺷﻬﺮي )ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي ﻫﺎي ﻓﻀﺎي ﺳﺒﺰ، ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ، ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ، ورزﺷﯽ، ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﯽ، درﻣﺎﻧﯽ و آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ( ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺪل ﺧﻮد ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻮران و در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ GISدر ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 4ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﻮع ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻫﺪف، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و روش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ، ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ و ﮐﻤﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺟﻬﺖ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ، ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖﻫﺎي ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ از ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي ﻫﺎي ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﺷﻬﺮي ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﮑﯿﮏ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻻﯾﻪ ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي ﻫﺎي وﺿﻊ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 4ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ورودي ﻣﺪل، ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ در ﺳﻄﺢ اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن 95درﺻﺪ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﻗﺮارﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ Z-scoreدو ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ و ﻓﻀﺎي ﺳﺒﺰ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 4در ﺧﺎرج از ﻣﺤﺪوده 1/96+ و 1 /96-، اﯾﻦ دو ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي از ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﻧﯿﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ دﭼﺎر ﮐﻤﺒﻮد ﺳﺮاﻧﻪ و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي ﻓﻀﺎي ﺳﺒﺰ داراي ﻣﺎزاد ﺳﺮاﻧﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﺑﺎ وﺟﻮد اﯾﻦ ﻣﺎزاد ﺳﺮاﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻣﺘﻤﺮﮐﺰ اﯾﻦ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي ﻫﺎ در ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖ ﻫﺎ، ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﻧﺎﻋﺎدﻻﻧﻪ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ، ﺑﺴﯿﺎري از ﻣﺤﻼت ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ از ﮐﻤﺒﻮد ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي ﻓﻀﺎي ﺳﺒﺰ رﻧﺞ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺮد. در ﻣﻮرد ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮي ﻫﺎي ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﯽ ﺑﺎ وﺟﻮد ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﻮدن اﻟﮕﻮي ﮐﻠﯽ ﺧﻮد ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﻮران، ﻋﺎرﺿﻪﻫﺎي ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ از اﯾﻦ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮيﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﺤﻠﯽ در ﭘﺎرهاي ﻧﻘﺎط داراي ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﺧﻮﺷﻪاي ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻋﻼوه اﯾﻨﮑﻪ داراي ﮐﻤﺒﻮد ﺳﺮاﻧﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺎس ﻻزم اﺳﺖ ﭘﺲ از ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﭘﻬﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻃﺮح ﺗﻔﺼﯿﻠﯽ، ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎزﻧﮕﺮي ﻃﺮح ﺗﻔﺼﯿﻠﯽ اﻗﺪام ﻧﻤﻮد

Nowadays, in urban planning, attention to spatial justices is essential as the main approach in analyzing the distribution of urban utility land uses. In this research, the possibility of spatial justice and the distribution of urban utility land uses (green, religion, cultural, sports, educational and health land uses) was analyzed using the Moran’s I spatial autocorrelation in GIS for Tehran’s district 4. The type of research is applicable, in terms of purpose and the research method is descriptive, analytical and quantitative. To perform the analysis, the areas of any urban utility land uses was calculated separately and also land use layers were used as autocorrelation model input in GIS. The research results show due to the significant accumulation of educational and green land use layers, these two layers have no proper spatial distribution and this is because the Z-score values of these two land use layers are beyond the range of +1.96 and -1.96 at the 95% confidence level. Educational land use has per capita deficient, on the contrary, green land use has a per capita surplus and despite this per capita surplus, due to the high accumulation of this land use in some locations, many urban neighborhoods in this region suffer from a lack of green land use. an‎d this is because of the unequal distribution of these land uses at the regional level. For other utility land uses, although the general pattern of Moran's spatial autocorrelation is random, the features of these land uses clustered at some locations locally. In addition, they also lack per capita. Accordingly, it is necessary to review the detailed plan after studying the zoning of detailed plan.