ارزيابي مؤلفه‌هاي اصالت در بافت تاريخي محله شيخ‌هادي شهر تهران

Evaluation of the components of originality in the historical context of Sheikh Hadi neighborhood of Tehran

ﻣﺤﻠﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮي از ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺣﯿﺎت ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺮ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ و ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺳﺎﮐﻨﺎن در ﺗﺎرو ﭘﻮد ﻣﺤﻠﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻧﻬﻔﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﯿﺮاث ارزﺷﻤﻨﺪ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل دﻫﻨﺪه ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ و ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺴﻞ ﺑﻌﺪ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ روزﮔﺎري ﮐﻪ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﻤﺎد اﻣﻨﯿﺖ، آﺳﺎﯾﺶ و اﺻﺎﻟﺖ ﺳﺎﮐﻨﺎن ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ، ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﻧﺎﮐﺎرآﻣﺪي ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﺷﺎن، دﭼﺎر ﻧﺎﭘﺎﯾﺪاري و از ﻫﻢ ﮔﺴﯿﺨﺘﮕﯽ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ از ﺑﯿﻦ رﻓﺘﻦ اﺻﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺻﺎﻟﺖ در ﻣﺤﻠﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان ﮐﻪ ﻣﻨﺒﻌﺚ از ﻣﮑﺎﺗﺐ ﻓﻠﺴﻔﯽ و اﻋﺘﻘﺎدي ﺳﺎﮐﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ اﺳﺖ، ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻫﺪف اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﮔﺸﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻟﺬا از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ اﺳﻨﺎدي ﺑﻪ روش ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﯿﻖ، ﺗﺠﺎرب زﯾﺴﺘﯽ ده ﻧﻔﺮ از ﺳﺎﮐﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ ﺷﯿﺦ ﻫﺎدي در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 11 ﺷﻬﺮداري ﺗﻬﺮان ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﺑﻪ روش ﻫﻔﺖ ﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﮐﻼﯾﺰري ﻣﻮرد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﺧﻮاﻧﺶ ﭘﺪﯾﺪارﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻧﻪ اﺻﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان، از ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي زﯾﺒﺎﯾﯽ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ، ادراﮐﯽ رﻓﺘﺎري و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺘﯽ ﻧﺸﺎت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮرﯾﮑﻪ اﻋﺘﻘﺎدات و ﺑﺎورﻫﺎي ﺷﺨﺼﯽ، ادراك و درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻓﺮدي، ﻣﺪت زﻣﺎن ﺳﮑﻮﻧﺖ، ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ زﯾﺒﺎﯾﯽ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ، ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺧﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﮑﺎن و ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺑﻨﯿﺎد اﺻﻠﯽ اﺻﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯽ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان در ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻮﯾﺖ ﻣﮑﺎن و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺣﺲ ﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

Urban neighborhoods are one of the life-giving elements of any city and the culture of the inhabitants lies in the fabric of the neighborhoods. The historical context as a valuable heritage transmits the culture and identity of the city to the next generation. For this reason, once the historic neighborhoods as a symbol of security, comfort and originality of residents, due to the inefficiency of their structure, the social structure has suffered from instability and disintegration, and finally the originality of neighborhoods of historical context has been lost. Thus, identifying the components of originality in the neighborhoods of the historical context of Tehran, which originates from the philosophical and doctrinal schools of the residents of the neighborhood, has been considered as the purpose of this article. Therefore, through in-depth observational documentary study with the help of in-depth interviews, the biological experiences of ten residents of Sheikh Hadi neighborhood in District 11 of Tehran Municipality were selected by purposive sampling and evaluated and analyzed by weekly clipping method. Finally, the phenomenological reading of the originality of the neighborhoods of the historical context of Tehran has originated from the aesthetic, perceptual-behavioral and functional-activity components, so that personal beliefs and beliefs, individual perceptions, duration of residence, aesthetic elements, readability factors and Functional and activity elements are recognized as the main foundation of the originality of the neighborhoods of the historical context of Tehran in interaction with the identity of the place and increase the sense of belonging.