شرط عدم اخراج زوجه از بلد در نگاه فقهي ـ حقوقي و فروعات آن

The condition of the wife's not expelling from her Balad in perspective of legal jurisprudence and its subdivisions

زوجين در عقد نكاح، همانند دو طرف عقود ديگر، مي‌توانند خواسته‌هاي خود را درقالب شرط درآورده، تا حدودي درجة مطلوبيت اين عقد را بالا ببرند؛ ولي در مصاديق شروط صحيح ضمن عقد نكاح اختلاف‌نظر وجود دارد و شرط عدم اخراج زوجه از بلد نيز از همين دسته شروط اختلافي است. بديهي است كه مشروطٌ‌لهِ شرط مذكور، زوجه و مشروطٌ‌عليه آن، زوج مي‌باشد. درخصوص صحت يا بطلان شرط مذكور خلأ قانوني و حتي بين فقها نيز اختلاف‌نظر وجود دارد. برخي اعتقاد به بطلان شرط و بعضي ديگر اعتقاد به صحت آن دارند. در اين جستار، به مطالعة آرا و نظريات مرتبط با شرط عدم اخراج زوجه از بلد و فروعات آن (ازجمله شرط عدم اخراج زوجه از منزل، اسقاط شرط و ارتباط شرط عدم اخراج زوجه از بلد با ميزان مهر المسمي) پرداخته و درنهايت با استناد به نظرات فقهي و حقوقي و نقد هريك از ديدگاه‌هاي مطرح‌شده، صحت شرط مزبور نتيجه‌گيري مي‌شود. لازم به ذكر است مقالة حاضر براساس هدف، كاربردي و براساس ماهيت و روش، توصيفي ـ تحليلي مي‌باشد.

In marriage contract, the couples, like the other two parties in contracts, can make their wishes such a condition and increase the degree of desirability of this contract to some extent; But, in the cases of the correct conditions during the marriage, there is disagreement and the condition of the wife's not expelling from her Balad is also one of these different conditions; It is obvious that in the mentioned condition, the condition is in favor of the wife and against the husband. There has been disagreement among jurists as to the validity or invalidity of the said condition; even among jurists; Some believe in the invalidity of the condition and others believe in its validity; In this article, we study the opinions and theories related to the condition of the wife's not expelling from her Balad and its subdivisions (including the condition of the wife's not expelling from home, drop the condition, the relationship between the condition of the wife's not expelling from Balad and the amount of her dowry).Finally, based on jurisprudential and legal opinions and critique of each of the proposed views, the validity of this condition is concluded. It should be noted that this article is an applied article based on its purpose and is descriptive-analytical based on its nature and method.