ميزان عدم تطابق دو روش مورفولوژي / سيتوشيمي و ايمونو فتوتايپ توسط فلوسيتومتر در تشخيص 40 بيمار لوسمي حاد

Discrepancy between morphology/cytochemistry and flowcytometric immunophenotyping in 420 new cases of acute leukemia

rench-American-British (FAB) classification of acute leukemia is based on the morphologic examination of bone marrow smears and cytochemical staining of blast cells. New therapeutic measures however, mandate the use of flowcytometric immunophenotyping of acute leukemia. Comparison of the results of FAB classification and flowcytometric immunophenotyping confirms the value of immunophenotyping since, many distinct types of leukemia are known to warrant specific therapy and carry predictable prognoses. In this study cytomorphology ,cytochemical staining characteristics and immunophenotyping of 420 new cases of acute leukemia were analyzed. Flowcytometric immunophenotyping showed 280(66.7%) acute lymphoblastic (ALL), 135(32.1%) acute myeloid(AML), 3(0.7%)biphenotypic and 2(0.5%) unclassified cases. Of 280 cases designated as lymphoid by flowcytometry,257 were diagnosed as such by cytochemistry/morphology. Thus, the sensitivity and specificity of the latter for diagnosis of ALL was 91% and 82%, respectively. Of 135 immunophenotypically proved acute myeloid leukemia, 115 cases were diagnosed as such by cytochemistry/morphology. Hence, the sensitivity of the test for diagnosis ofAML was 85% and specificity 92%. The results show the importance of immunophenotyping in routine diagnosis of new cases of acute leukemia for selection of appropriate treatment protocols.