ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺑﯿﺎن ژن NKP46 در ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﺳﻠﯿﺎك ﺗﺤﺖ رژﯾﻢ ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﺑﺪون ﮔﻠﻮﺗﻦ

Evaluation of NKP46 gene expression in celiac disease patients on a gluten free diet

ﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪه ﻫﺎي ﺳﺎﯾﺘﻮﺗﻮﮐﺴﯿﮏ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ NKP46 ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ در ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺖ و ﺗﺪاوم ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﻫﺎي اﯾﻤﻨﯽ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ وﯾﺮوﺳﯽ، ﮐﻪ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ اﻟﺘﻬﺎب در ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﺳﻠﯿﺎك اﺳﺖ، ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. از ﻃﺮﻓﯽ اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻟﻮﮐﯿﻦ 15، ﮐﻪ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺳﺎﯾﺘﻮﮐﺎﯾﻦ ﻫﺎي اﻟﺘﻬﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﻬﻢ در ﺑﯿﻤﺎري زاﯾﯽ ﺳﻠﯿﺎك اﺳﺖ، ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﺑﯿﺎن اﯾﻦ ﻧﻮع از ﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪه ﻫﺎ ﺳﺒﺐ آﺗﺮوﻓﯽ ﭘﺮزﻫﺎي روده اي ﮔﺮدد. ﻫﺪف از اﻧﺠﺎم اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺑﯿﺎن ژن NKP46 در ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﺳﻠﯿﺎك ﺗﺤﺖ رژﯾﻢ ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﺑﺪون ﮔﻠﻮﺗﻦ د ر ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺮاد ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﺑﻮد. اﺑﺘﺪا ﺗﻌﺪاد 20 ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﯿﻮﭘﺴﯽ روده ﺑﺎرﯾﮏ از ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻠﯿﺎك و 20 ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ از اﻓﺮ اد ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪ. ﭘﺲ از اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج RNA و ﺳﻨﺘﺰ cDNA، ﺟﻔﺖ ﭘﺮاﯾﻤﺮ اﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﯽ ژن ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ و PCR اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ و ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺑﯿﺎن ژن NKP46 ﺑﺎ روش-time PCR Real ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. 8 ﻧﻔﺮ زن )40%( و 12 ﻧﻔﺮ ﻣﺮد )60%( در ﮔﺮوه ﺑﯿﻤﺎر و ﺗﻌﺪاد 7 ﻧﻔﺮ زن )35%( و 13 ﻧﻔﺮ ﻣﺮد )65%( در ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﯿﺎن ژن NKP46 در ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﺳﻠﯿﺎﮐﯽ ﺗﺤﺖ رژﯾﻢ ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﮔﻠﻮﺗﻦ در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺮاد ﺳﺎﻟﻢ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﻧﺸﺎن ﻧﺪاد. ﻋﺪم ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﯿﻦ ﮔﺮوه ﺑﯿﻤﺎر و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮات رﻋﺎﯾﺖ رژﯾﻢ ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ اﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻠﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮوﻓﺎﯾﻞ ﺑﯿﺎن ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺮي از اﯾﻦ ﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪه ﻫﺎ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺟﻬﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﺛﺮﺑﺮ ﺑﯿﺎن آﻧﻬﺎ در ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﺳﻠﯿﺎك درﻣﺎن ﺷﺪه و درﻣﺎن ﻧﺸﺪه در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺑﻌﺪي ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد.

According to the previous studies, natural cytotoxicity receptors including NKP46 can play an important role in strengthening and sustaining immune responses against viral infection, which may have a role in the progression of inflammation in celiac disease. Moreover, Interleukin-15, which is one of the most important inflammatory cytokines in celiac disease pathogenesis, can also change the expression of this type of receptors that leads to atrophy of intestinal villi. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intestinal expression of NKP46 gene in patients with celiac disease on a gluten-free diet in comparison with healthy individuals. In this study, 20 small intestinal biopsy samples were collected from patients with celiac disease and 20 samples from healthy subjects. After RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, gene-specific primer pairs were designed, PCR conducted and NKP46 gene expression was evaluated by real-time PCR method. 8 females (40%) and 12 males (60%) in the patient group and 7 females (35%) and 13 males (65%) in the control group were studied. NKP46 gene expression was not significantly different between celiac patients who were on a gluten-free diet and healthy individuals (Pvalue: 0.4). The lack of significant difference in the expression of this receptor between the patient and control groups can be due to the effects of gluten-free diet adherence. Additional studies are recommended to achieve a more complete expression profile of these receptors and possible mutations affecting their expression in treated and untreated celiac disease patients.