ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﻋﺼﺎره ﻫﯿﺪرواﻟﮑﻠﯽ زرﺷﮏ ﺑﺮ روي ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﻫﯿﺴﺘﻮﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﮐﻮرﺗﮑﺲ ﭘﺮه ﻓﺮوﻧﺘﺎل ﻣﻐﺰ ﻣﻮش ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ ﻧﺮ در ﻣﺪل اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ/ ﺑﺎزﮔﺸﺖ ﻣﺠﺪد ﺧﻮن

Evaluation of the effect of barberry hydroalcoholic extract on histomorphological changes in the prefrontal cortex of male rats in the ischemia / reperfusion model

اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ ﻣﻐﺰي ﯾﻚ ﻣﻌﻀﻞ ﺑﺰرگ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ از دﺳﺖ رﻓﺘﻦ ﺳﻠﻮﻟﻬﺎي ﻫﺮﻣﯽ ﻗﺸﺮ ﻣﻐﺰ ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل آﺳﯿﺐ اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ/ ﺑﺎزﮔﺸﺖ ﺧﻮن ﺷﻮد. اﺧﯿﺮا ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻧﻮروﭘﺮوﺗﮑﺘﯿﻮ ﻋﺼﺎره ﻫﯿﺪرواﻟﮑﻠﯽ زرﺷﮏ در اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ ﺣﺎد ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ و ﺑﺮ روي 18 ﺳﺮ رت ﻧﺮ وﯾﺴﺘﺎر اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. رت ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ 3 ﮔﺮوه 6 ﺗﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل، اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ و آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻣﺪل اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ دو ﻃﺮﻓﻪ ﺷﺮﯾﺎن ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎروﺗﯿﺪ ﻣﺸﺘﺮك ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 20 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم و ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎزﮔﺸﺖ ﺧﻮن ﺑﺮﻗﺮار ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ.در ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ،ﺗﺰرﯾﻖ ﻋﺼﺎره ﻫﯿﺪرواﻟﮑﻠﯽ زرﺷﮏ ﺑﺼﻮرت داﺧﻞ ﺻﻔﺎﻗﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 7 روز ﻗﺒﻞ از اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﭘﺲ از 4 روز ﺑﻌﺪ اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ ﻣﻐﺰ ﻣﻮش ﻫﺎ ﺑﯿﺮون آورده ﺷﺪه و ﭘﺲ از آﻣﺎده ﺳﺎزي ﺑﻪ روش ﮐﺮﯾﺰل ﻓﺴﺖ وﯾﻮﻟﻪ رﻧﮓ آﻣﯿﺰي ﮔﺮدﯾﺪﻧﺪ. ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺳﻠﻮل ﻫﺎي ﻫﺮﻣﯽ ﻗﺸﺮ ﭘﺮه ﻓﺮوﻧﺘﺎل ﻣﺦ ﻫﺮ ﺳﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار Imaging-Pro-Plusﺷﻤﺎرش ﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﺳﭙﺲ آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ آﻣﺎري داده ﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ آزﻣﻮن ANOVA ﯾﮑﻄﺮﻓﻪ و آزﻣﻮن Tukey ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ 20 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺳﻠﻮل ﻫﺎي ﻫﺮﻣﯽ ﻗﺸﺮ ﻣﺦ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮد ﺑﻄﻮري ﮐﻪ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري در ﺗﻌﺪاد اﯾﻦ ﺳﻠﻮل ﻫﺎ ﺑﯿﻦ ﮔﺮوه اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل و آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ دﯾﺪه ﺷﺪ. در ﺻﻮرﺗﯿﮑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﺑﯿﻦ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل و ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﻧﺒﻮد. اﯾﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻋﺼﺎره ﻫﯿﺪرواﻟﮑﻠﯽ زرﺷﮏ داراي اﺛﺮ ﻧﻮروﺗﺮوﻓﯿﮏ ﺑﺮ روي ﺳﻠﻮل ﻫﺎي ﻫﺮﻣﯽ ﻗﺸﺮ ﭘﺮه ﻓﺮوﻧﺘﺎل ﻣﻐﺰ ﺑﻮده و ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان درﻣﺎن ﺟﺪﯾﺪي ﺟﻬﺖ آﺳﯿﺐ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻐﺰي اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯿﮏ ﻣﻄﺮح ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

Cerebral ischemia is a major global problem that can lead to the loss of cortical pyramidal cells following ischemic / reperfusion injury. Recent studies have examined the neuroprotective role of barberry hydroalcoholic extract in acute ischemia. This study was performed experimentally on 18 male Wistar rats. Rats were divided into 3 groups of control, ischemic and experimental. The ischemic model was performed by bilateral ligation of the common carotid arteries for 20 minutes and then blood was restored. In the experimental group, barberry hydroalcoholic extract was injected intraperitoneally for 7 days before ischemia. After 4 days of ischemia, the rat’s brains were removed and stained by applying chrysalis fast violet method. The number of pyramidal cells of the prefrontal cortex of all three groups was counted by Imaging-Pro-Plus software. Then, statistical analysis of the data was performed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey test. The results showed that 20 minutes of ischemia significantly reduced the number of pyramidal cells in the cerebral cortex, so that there was a significant difference in the number of these cells between the ischemic group and the control and experimental groups. However, this difference between the control group and the experimental group was not significant. This study reveals that hydro alcoholic extract of barberry has a neurotropic effect on the pyramidal cells of the prefrontal cortex and can be considered as a new candidate for treating of ischemic brain injuries